Lange Angela B, da Silva Rosa
Department of Biology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada.
Peptides. 2007 Jan;28(1):174-84. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.08.028. Epub 2006 Nov 30.
The spermatheca in insects is a tubular structure within the female that acts as a repository for spermatozoa deposited by the male during copulation. The spermatozoa remain viable within the spermatheca for extended periods of time, and are then delivered to the site of fertilization during oviposition (egg-laying). Thus, the production of viable offspring is dependent upon the coordination of events associated with fertilization, including the passage of the egg through the lateral and common oviducts and the passage of spermatozoa along the spermathecal duct. The egg and the spermatozoa are propelled along their respective tracts by contractions of the visceral muscles intrinsic to the oviduct and spermatheca. The neural and hormonal control of muscular activity of the locust oviducts has been well reviewed, with more recent studies examining the control over the spermatheca. This review highlights more recent literature, including new data, for neural and hormonal control of muscular activity of the spermatheca of the locust, Locusta migratoria, making reference to examples in other insects where relevant. A variety of neuronal types project to the spermatheca in L. migratoria, and a variety of neuroactive chemicals, including neuropeptides and amines, influence contraction. A comparison is made between the control of oviducts and spermatheca in L. migratoria with regard to their neural substrate and the composition of neuroactive chemicals.
昆虫的受精囊是雌性体内的一种管状结构，它作为交配期间雄性所沉积精子的储存库。精子在受精囊内可长时间保持活力，然后在产卵（下蛋）时被输送到受精部位。因此，产生有活力的后代取决于与受精相关事件的协调，包括卵子通过侧输卵管和总输卵管以及精子沿受精囊管的通过。卵子和精子通过输卵管和受精囊固有的内脏肌肉收缩沿各自的管道推进。蝗虫输卵管肌肉活动的神经和激素控制已有充分综述，最近的研究则探讨了对受精囊的控制。本综述着重介绍了关于蝗虫（飞蝗）受精囊肌肉活动的神经和激素控制的最新文献，包括新数据，并在相关时参考其他昆虫的实例。多种神经元类型投射到飞蝗的受精囊，多种神经活性化学物质，包括神经肽和胺，会影响收缩。就其神经基质和神经活性化学物质的组成而言，对飞蝗输卵管和受精囊的控制进行了比较。
