Brown Marianne P
New Solut. 2006;16(3):249-65. doi: 10.2190/3564-11K2-2152-1J22.
Organized labor has been largely responsible for the health and safety protections many U.S. workers take for granted. This article provides a brief history of labor's influence on California's health and safety policies--sometimes with ripple effects beyond its borders. Six cases where various successful strategies were used are examined. These gains were achieved with strong support from international health and safety staff, and, on some issues, support from the state labor federation. But in most cases local union staff involvement was key. Now that labor mobilizes to build its shrinking membership--with only 1 out of 12 workers in the private sector organized--resources are being re-directed toward organizing. Understandably, health and safety advocates have expressed concern that worker protections may suffer. Time will tell, but there is evidence that health and safety demands are front and center in a number of current and upcoming organizing campaigns. Now more than ever, it is in health and safety professionals' interest to tie their research and clinical work into these emerging campaigns.
有组织的劳工在很大程度上促成了许多美国工人视为理所当然的健康与安全保护措施。本文简要介绍了劳工对加利福尼亚州健康与安全政策的影响历程——有时其影响会波及州界之外。文中考察了六个运用了各种成功策略的案例。这些成果的取得得益于国际健康与安全工作人员的大力支持,在某些问题上还得益于州劳工联合会的支持。但在大多数情况下,当地工会工作人员的参与是关键。如今,由于劳工动员起来以增加其不断减少的会员人数——私营部门每12名工人中只有1人加入工会——资源正被重新导向组织工会方面。可以理解的是,健康与安全倡导者表达了对工人保护措施可能会受到影响的担忧。时间会给出答案,但有证据表明,在当前和即将开展的一些组织工会活动中,健康与安全要求处于首要和核心位置。如今,将研究和临床工作与这些新出现的活动联系起来,比以往任何时候都更符合健康与安全专业人员的利益。