Titler Marita G
Department of Nursing Services and Patient Care, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, USA.
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2004;1(1):38-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-6787.2004.04008.x.
The gap between research findings and practice has been, and continues to be, a concern for the international community. A number of descriptive studies have elucidated barriers and facilitators of evidence-based practice in nursing. It is argued that it is now time to use findings from these studies to design and test interventions that explicitly target barriers to the use of evidence in practice rather than doing further research to describe generic barriers and facilitators to evidence-based practice. This article discusses research methods to advance our knowledge regarding the efficacy of translating research into practice (TRIP) interventions that promote and hasten adoption of evidence in practice.
Published research is reviewed and used as exemplars of translation studies. The benefits and challenges in studying natural experiments are addressed as are the benefits and challenges in conducting TRIP studies using experimental designs.
The article discusses factors such as sample attainment, unit of analysis, intervention characteristics, outcome measurement, and sustainability. Although there are a myriad of initiatives aimed at increasing use of evidence in practice, there is little systematic evidence of the effectiveness of these initiatives. In order to advance knowledge, translation research needs more experimental studies that test TRIP interventions through, for example, partnership models.
研究结果与实践之间的差距一直以来都是国际社会关注的问题，并且现在依然如此。许多描述性研究已经阐明了护理领域循证实践的障碍和促进因素。有人认为，现在应该利用这些研究的结果来设计和测试明确针对实践中证据使用障碍的干预措施，而不是进一步开展研究来描述循证实践的一般障碍和促进因素。本文讨论了一些研究方法，以增进我们对将研究转化为实践（TRIP）干预措施效果的认识，这些干预措施旨在促进和加速实践中证据的采用。
对已发表的研究进行综述，并将其用作翻译研究的范例。探讨了研究自然实验的益处和挑战，以及使用实验设计进行TRIP研究的益处和挑战。
本文讨论了样本获取、分析单位、干预特征、结果测量和可持续性等因素。尽管有无数旨在增加实践中证据使用的举措，但几乎没有系统的证据表明这些举措的有效性。为了增进认识，翻译研究需要更多的实验性研究，例如通过伙伴关系模型来测试TRIP干预措施。
