Brulle F, Mitta G, Leroux R, Lemière S, Leprêtre A, Vandenbulcke F
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Numérique et d'Ecotoxicologie, EA 3570, Université de Lille 1, Cité scientifique, Batiment SN3, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex, France.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2007 Jan;144(4):334-41. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2006.10.007. Epub 2006 Oct 27.
Metal pollution causes disturbances at various levels of biological organization in most species. Important physiological functions could be affected in the exposed individuals and among the main physiological functions, immunity may provide one (or more) effector(s) whose expression can be directly affected by a metal exposure in various macroinvertebrates. Protein expressions were studied in order to test them as molecular biomarkers of metal exposure in Eisenia fetida. Selected effectors were calmodulin, heat shock proteins, superoxide dismutase, catalase, metallothionein, beta-adrenergic receptor kinase, pyruvate carboxylase, transcriptionally controlled tumor protein, protein kinase C, ubiquitin and cyclophilin-A. The level of expression of each gene was analysed in whole organism following exposures to cadmium in soil using real-time PCR. Metallothionein, transcriptionally controlled tumor protein and cyclophilin-A expression were also measured following copper exposures in soil because these genes seemed to be sensitive to copper. This work enabled to distinguish metallothionein and cyclophilin-A among the 15 selected effectors. A strong decrease of the number of transcripts was also detected for most effectors soon after the exposure to cadmium suggesting that a trade-off mechanism occurs.
金属污染会在大多数物种的不同生物组织层面引发干扰。在暴露个体中，重要的生理功能可能会受到影响，而在主要生理功能中，免疫可能提供一种（或多种）效应物，其表达可在各种大型无脊椎动物中直接受到金属暴露的影响。为了将蛋白质表达作为赤子爱胜蚓中金属暴露的分子生物标志物进行检测，对其进行了研究。选定的效应物有钙调蛋白、热休克蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、金属硫蛋白、β-肾上腺素能受体激酶、丙酮酸羧化酶、转录控制肿瘤蛋白、蛋白激酶C、泛素和亲环蛋白A。使用实时PCR分析了在土壤中暴露于镉后整个生物体中每个基因的表达水平。在土壤中暴露于铜后，还测量了金属硫蛋白、转录控制肿瘤蛋白和亲环蛋白A的表达，因为这些基因似乎对铜敏感。这项工作能够在15种选定的效应物中区分金属硫蛋白和亲环蛋白A。在暴露于镉后不久，大多数效应物的转录本数量也出现了显著下降，这表明发生了一种权衡机制。
