Cravens Hamilton
Department of History.
Hist Psychol. 2006 Aug;9(3):172-185. doi: 10.1037/1093-4510.9.3.172.
G. Stanley Hall's magnum opus, Adolescence, published in 1904 in two hefty volumes I herein submit to historical analysis. I am concerned with how it did "fit" into the notions and practices of the larger culture as well as into the discourses of science and of child nurture of that time. There is plenty of evidence of Hall's ethnic, racial, and gender attitudes as expressed in the book being typical of the white, Anglo-Saxon Protestant middle class stratum to which he belonged. His discussions of the extant discourses of science and of child nurture show a man quite conversant with these discourses, and not merely in American and British, but also in French and German publications as well. Probably any book, idea, or historical circumstance or phenomenon is chiefly a historical artifact, and we should not bend it much to "prove" that it is in any important sense a part of a different age. It is one thing to say that a certain idea has a contemporary resonance; to claim there is a straight line from it to today is problematic and meaningless.
G. 斯坦利·霍尔的巨著《青春期》于1904年出版，共两卷，篇幅厚重，我在此对其进行历史分析。我关注的是它如何“融入”当时主流文化的观念与实践，以及科学和儿童养育的相关论述之中。书中有大量证据表明，霍尔的种族、民族和性别态度是他所属的白人盎格鲁 - 撒克逊新教中产阶级阶层的典型表现。他对当时科学和儿童养育方面现有论述的探讨表明，他对这些论述相当熟悉，不仅涉及美英两国的相关内容，还包括法国和德国的出版物。或许任何一本书、一种思想、一段历史背景或现象主要都是历史产物，我们不应过度歪曲它来“证明”它在任何重要意义上都是另一个时代的一部分。说某个观点具有当代共鸣是一回事；声称从它到今天存在一条直线联系则是有问题且无意义的。
