结直肠癌成像的最新进展。

Update on colorectal cancer imaging.

作者信息

Gollub Marc J, Schwartz Lawrence H, Akhurst Tim

机构信息

Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.

出版信息

Radiol Clin North Am. 2007 Jan;45(1):85-118. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2006.10.003.

DOI:10.1016/j.rcl.2006.10.003

PMID:17157625

Abstract

Colorectal cancer remains a leading cancer killer worldwide. The disease is both curable and preventable, and yet the importance of widespread screening is only now starting to be appreciated. This article reviews the variety of diagnostic tests, imaging procedures and endoscopic examinations available to detect colorectal cancer and polyps in their early stage and also presents details on various screening options. The critical role of the radiologist is elaborated on including accurate assessment of the tumor extent within the bowel wall and beyond and the detection of lymph node and distant metastases. Staging with CT, MR imaging, endorectal ultrasound, and positron emission tomography are of paramount importance in determining the most appropriate therapy and the risk of tumor recurrence and overall prognosis.

摘要

结直肠癌仍然是全球主要的癌症杀手。这种疾病既可以治愈也可以预防，但广泛筛查的重要性直到现在才开始得到重视。本文回顾了可用于早期检测结直肠癌和息肉的各种诊断测试、成像程序和内镜检查，并详细介绍了各种筛查选项。阐述了放射科医生的关键作用，包括准确评估肿瘤在肠壁内外的范围以及检测淋巴结和远处转移。CT、磁共振成像、直肠内超声和正电子发射断层扫描进行分期对于确定最合适的治疗方法、肿瘤复发风险和总体预后至关重要。