Sun Long, Wu Hua, Guan Yong-Song
Minnan PET Center, The First Hospital of Xiamen, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen 316003, Fujian Province, China.
World J Gastroenterol. 2008 Feb 14;14(6):853-63. doi: 10.3748/wjg.14.853.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cancer killer worldwide. But the disease is both curable and preventable at an early stage. Regular CRC cancer screening has been shown to reduce the risk of dying from CRC. However, the importance of large-scale screening is only now starting to be appreciated. This article reviews a variety of imaging procedures available for detecting ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), polyps and CRC in their early stage and also presents details on various screening options. Detecting, staging and re-staging of patients with CRC also require multimodality, multistep imaging approaches. Staging and re-staging with conventional colonoscopy (CC), computer tomography colonography (CTC), magnetic resonance colonography (MRC) and positron emission tomography/computer tomography colonography (PET/CTC) are of paramount importance in determining the most appropriate therapeutic method and in predicting the risk of tumor recurrence and overall prognosis. The advantages and limitations of these modalities are also discussed.
结直肠癌（CRC）仍是全球主要的癌症杀手之一。但这种疾病在早期阶段既可以治愈也可以预防。定期进行结直肠癌筛查已被证明可降低死于结直肠癌的风险。然而，大规模筛查的重要性直到现在才开始得到重视。本文综述了多种可用于检测溃疡性结肠炎（UC）、克罗恩病（CD）、息肉以及早期结直肠癌的成像检查方法，同时还详细介绍了各种筛查选项。对结直肠癌患者进行检测、分期及再分期也需要多模态、多步骤的成像方法。使用传统结肠镜检查（CC）、计算机断层结肠成像（CTC）、磁共振结肠成像（MRC）以及正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层结肠成像（PET/CTC）进行分期及再分期，对于确定最合适的治疗方法以及预测肿瘤复发风险和总体预后至关重要。文中还讨论了这些检查方法的优缺点。
