Ritch Chad R, Wan Robert L, Stephens Leonard B, Taxy Jerome B, Huo Dezheng, Gong Edward M, Zagaja Gregory P, Brendler Charles B
Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Urol. 2007 Jan;177(1):97-101; discussion 101. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2006.08.105.
Jamaica has the highest incidence of prostate cancer in the world. Dietary fat is associated with prostate cancer. The Omega6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been shown to stimulate prostate carcinogenesis and the Jamaican diet is rich in linoleic acid. We hypothesized positive correlations between Omega6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, prostate specific antigen and prostate biopsy pathology.
A total of 148 men were enrolled in Kingston, Jamaica. Serum prostate specific antigen and erythrocyte membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids were analyzed. Men with prostate specific antigen 2.6 ng/ml or greater underwent biopsy. Histopathological and statistical analyses were performed on available data.
Of the 54 men who underwent biopsy 24 had prostate cancer, 17 had a Gleason score of 7 or greater and 11 had a tumor volume of 50% or greater. There were significant positive correlations between linoleic acid and Gleason score (p = 0.009), and the linoleic acid-to-docosahexaenoic acid (Omega3) ratio and tumor volume (p = 0.03). There was a significant negative correlation between the arachidonic acid (Omega6)-to-docosapentanoic acid (Omega3) ratio and Gleason score (p = 0.04). Statistical correlations between prostate specific antigen and polyunsaturated fatty acids were inconsistent.
The positive correlations between linoleic acid and Gleason score, and the linoleic acid-to-docosahexaenoic acid ratio and tumor volume support studies showing that Omega6 polyunsaturated fatty acids stimulate and Omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit prostate cancer growth. The negative correlation between the arachidonic acid-to-docosapentanoic acid ratio and Gleason score supports studies that demonstrate increased metabolism of arachidonic acid in prostate cancer to form carcinogenic metabolites, namely prostaglandin E2. Our findings support the association between dietary fatty acids and prostate cancer, and they warrant further dietary and tissue studies in high risk populations.
牙买加是世界上前列腺癌发病率最高的国家。膳食脂肪与前列腺癌有关。已表明ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸会刺激前列腺癌发生，而牙买加饮食富含亚油酸。我们推测ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸、前列腺特异性抗原和前列腺活检病理之间存在正相关。
在牙买加金斯敦共招募了148名男性。分析了血清前列腺特异性抗原和红细胞膜多不饱和脂肪酸。前列腺特异性抗原≥2.6 ng/ml的男性接受活检。对可用数据进行了组织病理学和统计学分析。
在接受活检的54名男性中，24人患有前列腺癌，17人Gleason评分≥7，11人肿瘤体积≥50%。亚油酸与Gleason评分之间存在显著正相关（p = 0.009），亚油酸与二十二碳六烯酸（ω-3）的比值与肿瘤体积之间存在显著正相关（p = 0.03）。花生四烯酸（ω-6）与二十二碳五烯酸（ω-3）的比值与Gleason评分之间存在显著负相关（p = 0.04）。前列腺特异性抗原与多不饱和脂肪酸之间的统计相关性不一致。
亚油酸与Gleason评分之间以及亚油酸与二十二碳六烯酸的比值与肿瘤体积之间的正相关支持了表明ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸刺激而ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸抑制前列腺癌生长的研究。花生四烯酸与二十二碳五烯酸的比值与Gleason评分之间的负相关支持了证明前列腺癌中花生四烯酸代谢增加以形成致癌代谢物即前列腺素E2的研究。我们的发现支持膳食脂肪酸与前列腺癌之间的关联，并且它们值得在高危人群中进行进一步的膳食和组织研究。
