Zitzmann Michael
Institute of Reproductive Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Aging Male. 2006 Dec;9(4):195-9. doi: 10.1080/13685530601040679.
Gender differences in spatial recognition, and age-related declines in cognition and mood, point towards testosterone as an important modulator of cerebral functions. Testosterone appears to activate a distributed cortical network, the ventral processing stream, during spatial cognition tasks, and addition of testosterone improves spatial cognition in younger and older hypogonadal men. In addition, reduced testosterone is associated with depressive disorders. The relationship between depression and testosterone appears to partly depend upon the androgen receptor genotype of the patient, and in appropriate patients with low testosterone levels, testosterone substitution can increase positive mood and decrease negative mood. The much publicized link between testosterone and aggression is probably only of importance in athletes who supplement their testosterone levels to excessively high levels, whereas in hypogonadal men, testosterone supplementation only enhances the positive aspects of aggression such as vigour and energy. Current data suggest that testosterone supplementation in hypogonadal men of all ages will enhance many aspects of mood and cognition.
空间识别方面的性别差异，以及与年龄相关的认知和情绪衰退，表明睾酮是大脑功能的重要调节因子。在空间认知任务中，睾酮似乎会激活一个分布式皮质网络，即腹侧加工流，并且补充睾酮可改善年轻和老年性腺功能减退男性的空间认知。此外，睾酮水平降低与抑郁症有关。抑郁症与睾酮之间的关系似乎部分取决于患者的雄激素受体基因型，对于睾酮水平低的合适患者，补充睾酮可增加积极情绪并减少消极情绪。睾酮与攻击性之间广为人知的联系可能仅在将睾酮水平补充到过高水平的运动员中才重要，而在性腺功能减退男性中，补充睾酮只会增强攻击性的积极方面，如活力和精力。目前的数据表明，对所有年龄段的性腺功能减退男性补充睾酮将改善情绪和认知的多个方面。
