Ordás M C, Albaigés J, Bayona J M, Ordás A, Figueras A
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2007 Feb;52(2):200-6. doi: 10.1007/s00244-006-0058-7. Epub 2006 Nov 24.
A laboratory experiment was carried out to study immune function alteration of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis when exposed to the Prestige oil spilled in November 2002 on the northwestern Spanish coast. Mussels were maintained for 4 months in tanks with flowing seawater and with 1, 2, and 0 kg (controls) Prestige fuel oil. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations, which were determined in gills and digestive glands, were higher in digestive glands. The methylphenantrene and dibenzothiophene profiles confirmed the real exposure of mussels to the fuel oil. Immune data analysis revealed that no differences between fuel-treated and control animals were found in the cellular immune parameters measured (hemocyte viability, phagocytic activity, nitric oxide production, and chemiluminescence emission). In addition, histologic observations did not reveal tissue lesions in any of the samples, probably because of the short time of fuel-oil exposure. In contrast, significant differences were found in serum protein concentration and lysozyme activity between the fuel-treated mussels and controls. However, these humoral immune parameters were dependant on numerous environmental and physiologic factors, so it was difficult to ascertain the real effect of the fuel oil on their variability. Because hemocytes are the primary line of defense of bivalve mollusks, the results obtained in the present study suggest that the mussel immune system was not significantly affected by exposure to the Prestige fuel oil.
开展了一项实验室实验，以研究2002年11月泄漏于西班牙西北海岸的“威望号”油轮原油对加利福尼亚贻贝免疫功能的影响。将贻贝分别置于装有流动海水且含有1千克、2千克和0千克（对照）“威望号”燃料油的水槽中饲养4个月。在鳃和消化腺中测定的多环芳烃浓度，消化腺中的更高。甲基菲和二苯并噻吩的分布情况证实了贻贝确实接触到了燃料油。免疫数据分析显示，在所测量的细胞免疫参数（血细胞活力、吞噬活性、一氧化氮生成和化学发光）方面，经燃料处理的动物与对照动物之间未发现差异。此外，组织学观察未在任何样本中发现组织损伤，这可能是由于燃料油暴露时间较短。相比之下，经燃料处理的贻贝与对照贻贝在血清蛋白浓度和溶菌酶活性方面存在显著差异。然而，这些体液免疫参数取决于众多环境和生理因素，因此难以确定燃料油对其变异性的实际影响。由于血细胞是双壳贝类软体动物的主要防线，本研究获得的结果表明，接触“威望号”燃料油并未对贻贝的免疫系统产生显著影响。
