Suppr超能文献

长时间清醒后的损伤自我认知及驾车决定。

Self-awareness of impairment and the decision to drive after an extended period of wakefulness.

作者信息

Jones Christopher B, Dorrian Jillian, Jay Sarah M, Lamond Nicole, Ferguson Sally, Dawson Drew

机构信息

Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.

出版信息

Chronobiol Int. 2006;23(6):1253-63. doi: 10.1080/07420520601083391.

Abstract

Fatigue is an increasingly noted factor in road accidents. The ability to predict and be aware of impairment in terms of driving capability is important for potential legal liability and road safety. However, to date, there have been few studies that have investigated the accuracy of individuals in predicting how safely they could drive during conditions of sleep loss. Research has demonstrated that individuals rate themselves as better than the population average in a number of domains, including driving-related skills. Therefore, this study also aimed to investigate self-ratings of predicted driving ability during extended wakefulness and compare them to ratings made of a hypothetical other person under the same conditions. Thirty-two participants remained awake for a period of 40 h. Every 2 h, they completed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) and rated on a seven-point scale how well they thought they could drive safely, react quickly in an emergency, and stay in their own lane. They were also asked to assess how they thought someone else in their own position could drive. The participants rated their driving ability as becoming significantly poorer at the same time that their PVT performance became significantly slower. Self-ratings indicating a qualitative assessment of poorer than neutral driving occurred at 03:00 h for both the "drive safely" and "react quickly" questions, after 19 h of continuous wakefulness (starting at 08:00 h). This occurred at 05:00 h for the "keep in my lane" question. Previous studies with a similar protocol demonstrated that under these conditions, individuals exhibit a performance decrements equivalent to someone with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.05% (the legal driving limit in Australia). Participants consistently rated the ability of others to drive as poorer than their own. The main implication from this study for road safety and legal liability is that it is reasonable to focus on a person's perception of the situation, as it does align with objective reality to a certain extent. A concern in terms of road safety is potential overconfidence, indicated by rating others consistently poorer than themselves.

摘要

疲劳是道路交通事故中一个日益受到关注的因素。就驾驶能力而言,预测并意识到机能损害的能力对于潜在的法律责任和道路安全至关重要。然而,迄今为止,很少有研究调查个体预测自己在睡眠不足情况下驾驶安全性的准确性。研究表明,个体在包括与驾驶相关技能在内的多个领域对自己的评价高于总体平均水平。因此,本研究还旨在调查长时间清醒期间对预测驾驶能力的自我评分,并将其与在相同条件下对假设的其他人的评分进行比较。32名参与者保持清醒40小时。每2小时,他们完成心理运动警觉任务(PVT),并在七点量表上对自己认为自己安全驾驶、在紧急情况下快速反应以及保持在自己车道上的能力进行评分。他们还被要求评估处于自己位置的其他人的驾驶能力。参与者对自己驾驶能力的评分在其PVT表现显著变慢的同时显著变差。对于“安全驾驶”和“快速反应”问题,在持续清醒19小时(从08:00开始)后,自我评分显示在03:00时驾驶质量比一般水平差。对于“保持在自己车道上”问题,这发生在05:00时。以前采用类似方案的研究表明,在这些条件下,个体表现出的机能下降相当于血液酒精浓度为0.05%(澳大利亚法定驾驶限制)的人。参与者一直将他人的驾驶能力评为比自己差。这项研究对道路安全和法律责任的主要启示是,关注一个人对情况的认知是合理的,因为它在一定程度上确实与客观现实相符。就道路安全而言,一个担忧是潜在的过度自信,表现为一直将他人评为比自己差。

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍。

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索

文档翻译

学术文献翻译模型,支持多种主流文档格式。

立即体验