Cobb Michael J, Chen Yuchuan, Bailey S Lawrence, Kemp Christopher J, Li Xingde
Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Cancer Biomark. 2006;2(3-4):163-73. doi: 10.3233/cbm-2006-23-408.
Improved diagnostics capable of non-invasive detection of early stage carcinogenesis would benefit basic research, and potentially aid in clinical cancer diagnosis and management. The two-stage carcinogenesis protocol is widely used for studying the multi-stage nature of tumor development in mice and provides insight into tumor development in other animal models and humans. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of non-invasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) for in vivo imaging of microanatomical changes in the epidermis and dermis during early carcinogenesis using a mouse skin model.
10 NIH mice were treated with DMBA and TPA following the well-established two-stage carcinogenesis protocol. OCT imaging of treated skin from live mice was performed at five time points (Week 4-8) after tumor initiation to reveal the structural changes in the epidermis and dermis associated with the earliest, premalignant stages of tumor development. OCT images were compared with histology findings. In addition, OCT signals were quantitatively analyzed to evaluate tissue optical property changes during early carcinogenesis.
Early structural changes in the epidermis, dermis and hair follicles during carcinogenesis were clearly delineated in vivo using OCT. OCT images correlated well with histological findings. Quantitative OCT signal analysis revealed a statistically significant change in the extinction coefficient for untreated (40.5 +/- 17.0 mm(-1)) and treated (9.6 +/- 3.6 mm(-1)) mouse epidermis (P < 0.005). The dermis extinction coefficient for the treated mouse skin (3.7 +/- 0.9 mm(-1)) was lower than the untreated one (4.7 +/- 1.6 mm(-1)), but was not statistically significant (P > 0.10). Furthermore, the papilloma extinction coefficient (2.9 +/- 0.3 mm(-1)) was significantly lower than the extinction coefficient for the treated epidermis (P < 0.005) and dermis (P < 0.01).
OCT is a viable tool for assessing the earliest stages of carcinogenesis and has potential for early detection of neoplasia in skin, as well as in epithelial linings of other organs.
能够对早期致癌过程进行无创检测的改进型诊断方法将有益于基础研究，并有可能辅助临床癌症诊断与治疗。两阶段致癌方案被广泛用于研究小鼠肿瘤发展的多阶段性质，并为其他动物模型和人类的肿瘤发展提供见解。本研究的目的是使用小鼠皮肤模型，研究无创光学相干断层扫描（OCT）对早期致癌过程中表皮和真皮微观解剖学变化进行体内成像的可行性。
按照成熟的两阶段致癌方案，用二甲基苯并蒽（DMBA）和佛波酯（TPA）处理10只美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）小鼠。在肿瘤起始后的五个时间点（第4 - 8周）对活小鼠的处理后皮肤进行OCT成像，以揭示与肿瘤发展最早的癌前阶段相关的表皮和真皮结构变化。将OCT图像与组织学结果进行比较。此外，对OCT信号进行定量分析，以评估早期致癌过程中组织光学性质的变化。
使用OCT在体内清晰描绘了致癌过程中表皮、真皮和毛囊的早期结构变化。OCT图像与组织学结果相关性良好。定量OCT信号分析显示，未处理（40.5±1
