Theoharides Theoharis C, Kalogeromitros Dimitrios
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Nov;1088:78-99. doi: 10.1196/annals.1366.025.
Mast cells are well known for their involvement in allergic and anaphylactic reactions, but recent findings implicate them in a variety of inflammatory diseases affecting different organs, including the heart, joints, lungs, and skin. In these cases, mast cells appear to be activated by triggers other than aggregation of their IgE receptors (FcepsilonRI), such as anaphylatoxins, immunoglobulin-free light chains, superantigens, neuropeptides, and cytokines leading to selective release of mediators without degranulation. These findings could explain inflammatory diseases, such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, coronary inflammation, and inflammatory arthritis, all of which worsen by stress. It is proposed that the pathogenesis of these diseases involve mast cell activation by local release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) or related peptides. Combination of CRH receptor antagonists and mast cell inhibitors may present novel therapeutic interventions.
肥大细胞因其参与过敏和过敏反应而广为人知，但最近的研究结果表明它们与多种影响不同器官（包括心脏、关节、肺和皮肤）的炎症性疾病有关。在这些情况下，肥大细胞似乎是由其IgE受体（FcepsilonRI）聚集以外的触发因素激活的，如过敏毒素、无免疫球蛋白轻链、超抗原、神经肽和细胞因子，导致介质的选择性释放而不发生脱颗粒。这些发现可以解释炎症性疾病，如哮喘、特应性皮炎、冠状动脉炎症和炎症性关节炎，所有这些疾病都会因压力而恶化。有人提出，这些疾病的发病机制涉及促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（CRH）或相关肽的局部释放激活肥大细胞。CRH受体拮抗剂和肥大细胞抑制剂的联合使用可能提供新的治疗干预措施。
