Nnodim Joseph O, Strasburg Debra, Nabozny Martina, Nyquist Linda, Galecki Andrzej, Chen Shu, Alexander Neil B
Mobility Research Center, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006 Dec;54(12):1825-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00971.x.
To compare the effect of two 10-week balance training programs, Combined Balance and Step Training (CBST) versus tai chi (TC), on balance and stepping measures.
Prospective intervention trial.
Local senior centers and congregate housing facilities.
Aged 65 and older with at least mild impairment in the ability to perform unipedal stance and tandem walk.
Participants were allocated to TC (n = 107, mean age 78) or CBST, an intervention focused on improving dynamic balance and stepping (n = 106, mean age 78).
At baseline and 10 weeks, participants were tested in their static balance (Unipedal Stance and Tandem Stance (TS)), stepping (Maximum Step Length, Rapid Step Test), and Timed Up and Go (TUG).
Performance improved more with CBST than TC, ranging from 5% to 10% for the stepping tests (Maximum Step Length and Rapid Step Test) and 9% for TUG. The improvement in TUG represented an improvement of more than 1 second. Greater improvements were also seen in static balance ability (in TS) with CBST than TC.
Of the two training programs, in which variants of each program have been proven to reduce falls, CBST results in modest improvements in balance, stepping, and functional mobility versus TC over a 10-week period. Future research should include a prospective comparison of fall rates in response to these two balance training programs.
比较两种为期10周的平衡训练方案，即联合平衡与阶梯训练（CBST）和太极拳（TC）对平衡和步测指标的影响。
前瞻性干预试验。
当地老年中心和集体住房设施。
年龄在65岁及以上，单脚站立和前后行走能力至少有轻度受损。
参与者被分配到太极拳组（n = 107，平均年龄78岁）或联合平衡与阶梯训练组（CBST），后者是一种专注于改善动态平衡和步测的干预措施（n = 106，平均年龄78岁）。
在基线和10周时，对参与者进行静态平衡测试（单脚站立和前后站立（TS））、步测（最大步长、快速步测）以及定时起立行走测试（TUG）。
联合平衡与阶梯训练组（CBST）的表现比太极拳组（TC）改善得更多，步测测试（最大步长和快速步测）提高了5%至10%，定时起立行走测试（TUG）提高了9%。定时起立行走测试（TUG）的改善超过了1秒。联合平衡与阶梯训练组（CBST）在静态平衡能力（前后站立（TS））方面的改善也比太极拳组（TC）更大。
在这两种已被证明能减少跌倒的训练方案中，联合平衡与阶梯训练（CBST）在为期10周的时间里，与太极拳（TC）相比，在平衡、步测和功能活动能力方面有适度改善。未来的研究应包括对这两种平衡训练方案的跌倒发生率进行前瞻性比较。
