Lagerström M, Bremme K, Eneroth P, Faxelius G, Magnusson D, Smedler A C
Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
J Perinat Med. 1991;19(4):269-83.
The subjects (N = 50) were born to mothers who had earlier participated in an extensive clinical investigation during their pregnancies. Maternal serum hormone levels were investigated from pregnancy week 20 and on to partus. Fourteen children were born small-for-gestational age (SGA) and eight pre-term appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA). Each SGA child had two control children, born to mothers with normal or high serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in pregnancy week 16-17. Elevated serum levels of AFP was considered to be a sign of fetal stress. All 50 children were administered the WISC-test at 10 years of age. The SGA children had lower scores than control children in Performance and Full scale scores. The pre-term SGA children had lower scores than the controls in Verbal, Performance and Full scales. That was not the case for on-time SGA and pre-term AGA children. Girls born to smoking mothers performed less well than girls of non-smoking mothers on the Verbal scale. Positive correlations of maternal serum hormone levels (oestriol, hCG, and hPL) and WISC-test scores were present for girls. For boys a single maternal hormone in pregnancy (prolactin) was correlated with WISC-test scores at 10 years of age.
这50名受试者的母亲在孕期曾参与过一项广泛的临床研究。从怀孕20周直至分娩，对母血激素水平进行了调查。14名儿童为小于胎龄儿（SGA），8名是早产适于胎龄儿（AGA）。每个SGA儿童有两个对照儿童，其母亲在孕16 - 17周时血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）水平正常或偏高。母血AFP水平升高被认为是胎儿应激的一个迹象。所有50名儿童在10岁时接受了韦氏儿童智力量表（WISC）测试。SGA儿童在操作和全量表得分方面低于对照儿童。早产SGA儿童在言语、操作和全量表方面得分低于对照组。足月SGA和早产AGA儿童则不然。吸烟母亲所生女孩在言语量表上的表现不如不吸烟母亲所生女孩。女孩的母血激素水平（雌三醇、人绒毛膜促性腺激素和人胎盘催乳素）与WISC测试得分呈正相关。对于男孩，孕期单一母血激素（催乳素）与10岁时的WISC测试得分相关。
