长期施用粪肥和化肥对作物生长发育阶段土壤生物和生化活性的影响。

Effect of long-term application of manure and fertilizer on biological and biochemical activities in soil during crop development stages.

作者信息

Mandal Asit, Patra Ashok K, Singh Dhyan, Swarup Anand, Ebhin Masto R

机构信息

Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India.

出版信息

Bioresour Technol. 2007 Dec;98(18):3585-92. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.11.027. Epub 2007 Jan 5.

DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2006.11.027

PMID:17207997

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of six long-term (34-year) fertilizer and farmyard manure (FYM) treatments (Control, N, NP, NPK, NPK+S, NPK+FYM) and three physiological stages of wheat growth on the microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN) and dehydrogenase, mineralizable N and phosphatase activities in soil. It was found that a balanced application of NPK+FYM gave the highest values for the measured parameters and lowest at the control. Values were generally highest at tillering, followed by the flowering and dough stages. A significant positive interaction between fertilizer treatments and physiological stages of wheat growth was observed, being highest at maximum tillering due to application of NPK+FYM. Stepwise regressions have revealed that grain yield of wheat was significantly associated with mineralizable N at tillering (R(2)=0.80), MBC at flowering (R(2)=0.90) and alkaline phosphatase activity (R(2)=0.70) at dough stages of wheat growth.

摘要

开展了一项田间试验，以研究六种长期（34年）肥料和农家肥（FYM）处理（对照、氮肥、氮磷肥、氮磷钾肥、氮磷钾肥+硫肥、氮磷钾肥+农家肥）以及小麦生长的三个生理阶段对土壤中微生物生物量碳（MBC）、氮（MBN）、脱氢酶、可矿化氮和磷酸酶活性的影响。结果发现，氮磷钾肥+农家肥的平衡施用使所测参数的值最高，而对照处理的值最低。各参数值通常在分蘖期最高，其次是开花期和面团期。观察到肥料处理与小麦生长生理阶段之间存在显著的正相互作用，由于施用氮磷钾肥+农家肥，在最高分蘖期时这种相互作用最为明显。逐步回归分析表明，小麦产量与小麦生长面团期的分蘖期可矿化氮（R² = 0.80）、开花期MBC（R² = 0.90）和碱性磷酸酶活性（R² = 0.70）显著相关。