Sun Feng-xia, Zhang Wei-hua, Xu Ming-gang, Zhang Wen-ju, Li Zhao-qiang, Zhang Jing-ye
College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010019, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2010 Nov;21(11):2792-8.
In order to explore the effects of long-term fertilization on the microbiological characters of red soil, soil samples were collected from a 19-year long-term experimental field in Qiyang of Hunan, with their microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) and microbial utilization ratio of carbon sources analyzed. The results showed that after 19-year fertilization, the soil MBC and MBN under the application of organic manure and of organic manure plus inorganic fertilizers were 231 and 81 mg x kg(-1) soil, and 148 and 73 mg x kg(-1) soil, respectively, being significantly higher than those under non-fertilization, inorganic fertilization, and inorganic fertilization plus straw incorporation. The ratio of soil MBN to total N under the application of organic manure and of organic manure plus inorganic fertilizers was averagely 6.0%, significantly higher than that under non-fertilization and inorganic fertilization. Biolog-ECO analysis showed that the average well color development (AWCD) value was in the order of applying organic manure plus inorganic fertilizers = applying organic manure > non-fertilization > inorganic fertilization = inorganic fertilization plus straw incorporation. Under the application of organic manure or of organic manure plus inorganic fertilizers, the microbial utilization rate of carbon sources, including carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, amino acids, polymers, phenols, and amines increased; while under inorganic fertilization plus straw incorporation, the utilization rate of polymers was the highest, and that of carbohydrates was the lowest. Our results suggested that long-term application of organic manure could increase the red soil MBC, MBN, and microbial utilization rate of carbon sources, improve soil fertility, and maintain a better crop productivity.
为了探究长期施肥对红壤微生物特性的影响，从湖南祁阳一个长达19年的长期试验田采集土壤样本，分析其微生物生物量碳（MBC）、氮（MBN）以及碳源的微生物利用率。结果表明，经过19年施肥后，施用有机肥以及有机肥加无机肥处理下的土壤MBC和MBN分别为231和81mg·kg⁻¹土壤，以及148和73mg·kg⁻¹土壤，显著高于不施肥、无机肥施肥以及无机肥加秸秆还田处理。施用有机肥以及有机肥加无机肥处理下土壤MBN与全氮的比值平均为6.0%，显著高于不施肥和无机肥施肥处理。Biolog-ECO分析表明，平均吸光值（AWCD）大小顺序为：有机肥加无机肥处理 = 有机肥处理 > 不施肥处理 > 无机肥施肥处理 = 无机肥加秸秆还田处理。在施用有机肥或有机肥加无机肥处理下，包括碳水化合物、羧酸、氨基酸、聚合物、酚类和胺类在内的碳源微生物利用率增加；而在无机肥加秸秆还田处理下，聚合物利用率最高，碳水化合物利用率最低。我们的结果表明，长期施用有机肥可以增加红壤的MBC、MBN以及碳源微生物利用率，提高土壤肥力，并维持较好的作物生产力。
