Anil Sukumaran
Dept. of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Indian J Dent Res. 2006 Oct-Dec;17(4):151-4. doi: 10.4103/0970-9290.29872.
Diabetes mellitus is considered as a risk factor for the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. The diabetic patients often exhibit decreased immune response and increased susceptibility to infection. In the present study, a quantitative estimation of the gingival tissue immunoglobulin concentrations in diabetic and non diabetic subjects with periodontitis was assessed and compared with that of clinically healthy gingiva.
40 gingival tissue samples obtained from 20 diabetic (Type 2) and 20 non-diabetic subjects were subjected to quantitative estimation of immunoglobulins G, A, and M. The data thus obtained were compared to the level of immunoglobulin found in clinically healthy gingiva.
The IgG and IgA level in the tissues of both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects with periodontitis were found to be significantly higher than that of healthy subjects. The diabetic group also showed a significantly higher IgG and IgA levels compared to the non-diabetic group with periodontitis.
These findings support the concept that the humoral immune response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease in diabetics. The significantly higher levels of immunoglobulin in the gingival tissues might be a protective mechanism against the increased bacterial challenge in diabetic subjects.
糖尿病被认为是牙周病发生和发展的一个危险因素。糖尿病患者常表现出免疫反应降低和感染易感性增加。在本研究中，对患有牙周炎的糖尿病和非糖尿病受试者牙龈组织中的免疫球蛋白浓度进行了定量评估，并与临床健康牙龈的免疫球蛋白浓度进行了比较。
从20名糖尿病（2型）和20名非糖尿病受试者中获取40份牙龈组织样本，对免疫球蛋白G、A和M进行定量评估。将由此获得的数据与临床健康牙龈中发现的免疫球蛋白水平进行比较。
患有牙周炎的糖尿病和非糖尿病受试者组织中的IgG和IgA水平均显著高于健康受试者。与患有牙周炎的非糖尿病组相比，糖尿病组的IgG和IgA水平也显著更高。
这些发现支持体液免疫反应在糖尿病患者牙周病发病机制中起重要作用这一概念。牙龈组织中免疫球蛋白水平显著更高可能是针对糖尿病受试者中增加的细菌挑战的一种保护机制。
