Hegde Shruthi S, Sattur Atul P, Bargale Anil Bapu, Rao Gayathri S, Shetty Rajeeth S, Kulkarni Raghavendra D, Ajantha Ganavalli S
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mukka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, India.
J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2020 Fall;14(4):206-213. doi: 10.34172/joddd.2020.041. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
A correlation has been noted between diabetes mellitus (DM) and changes in the oral cavity. The present study aimed to estimate, compare, and correlate serum and salivary glucose and IgA levels and salivary candidal carriage in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Eighty-eight subjects were categorized into three groups: group 1 (controlled DM; n=27), group 2 (uncontrolled DM; n=32) and group 3 (non-diabetics; n=29). Serum and salivary glucose levels were estimated by glucose oxidase/peroxidase method, serum and salivary IgA by a diagnostic kit, and candidal colonization by inoculating samples into Sabouraud dextrose agar plate. Statistical analyses were carried out by one-way ANOVA, post hoc Tukey tests, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Significant elevation of serum IgA levels was observed in group 2 compared to group 3 and significant decreases in salivary IgA levels in groups 1 and 2. The candidal carriage was significantly higher in group 2 compared to group 3. Serum glucose and salivary IgA levels showed a significant correlation in group 1. There was a positive correlation between serum/ salivary glucose and serum/salivary IgA levels in group 2. In addition, there was a significant correlation between serum glucose and serum IgA levels in group 3. Saliva could be a potential, non-invasive diagnostic tool to estimate glucose levels. The evaluation of salivary components, like IgA, might be useful in diagnosing and managing oral manifestations in diabetic individuals. Elevated salivary glucose levels contribute to elevated candidal carriage, making individuals susceptible to oral candidiasis.
糖尿病（DM）与口腔变化之间存在关联。本研究旨在评估、比较并关联糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者的血清及唾液葡萄糖和IgA水平以及唾液念珠菌携带情况。88名受试者被分为三组：第1组（糖尿病控制组；n = 27）、第2组（糖尿病未控制组；n = 32）和第3组（非糖尿病组；n = 29）。采用葡萄糖氧化酶/过氧化物酶法测定血清和唾液葡萄糖水平，用诊断试剂盒测定血清和唾液IgA，通过将样本接种到沙氏葡萄糖琼脂平板上检测念珠菌定植情况。采用单因素方差分析、事后Tukey检验和Pearson相关系数进行统计分析。与第3组相比，第2组血清IgA水平显著升高，第1组和第2组唾液IgA水平显著降低。与第3组相比，第2组念珠菌携带率显著更高。第1组血清葡萄糖和唾液IgA水平呈显著相关。第2组血清/唾液葡萄糖与血清/唾液IgA水平呈正相关。此外，第3组血清葡萄糖和血清IgA水平呈显著相关。唾液可能是一种潜在的、非侵入性的评估葡萄糖水平的诊断工具。评估唾液成分（如IgA）可能有助于诊断和管理糖尿病患者的口腔表现。唾液葡萄糖水平升高会导致念珠菌携带率升高，使个体易患口腔念珠菌病。
