Gibson Rosalind S, Manger Mari Skar, Krittaphol Woravimol, Pongcharoen Tippawan, Gowachirapant Sueppong, Bailey Karl B, Winichagoon Pattanee
Department of Human Nutriton, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Br J Nutr. 2007 Jan;97(1):167-75. doi: 10.1017/S0007114507250445.
Stunting in school-age years may result in a decrease in adult size, and thus reduced work capacity and adverse reproductive outcomes. We have compared the mean intakes of energy, protein and selected growth-limiting nutrients in fifty-eight stunted children and 172 non-stunted controls drawn from 567 children aged 6-13 years attending ten rural schools in NE Thailand. Control children were selected randomly after stratifying children by age in each school. Dietary data were calculated from 24-h recalls using nutrient values from Thai food composition data and chemical analysis. Inter-relationships between stunting and sociodemographic, anthropometric and biochemical variables were also examined. Biochemical variables investigated were serum albumin, zinc, ferritin, transferrin receptor and retinol, and iodine in casual urine samples. Significantly more males than females were stunted (males, n 38, 65.5% v. females, n 20. 34.5%: P=0.025). Stunted males had lower mean intakes of energy, protein, calcium, phosphorus and zinc, and a lower mean (95% CI) serum zinc (9.19 (8.53, 9.84) v. 9.70 (8.53, 9.29) micromol/1) than non-stunted males; no other biochemical differences were noted. Stunted males also had a lower mean arm muscle area (P= 0.015), after adjusting for age, than non-stunted males. In conclusion, the lower dietary intakes of the stunted males compared to their non-stunted counterparts may be associated with anorexia and hypogeusia induced by zinc deficiency. Hence, zinc deficiency may be a factor limiting linear growth, especially among boys in NE Thailand, but more research is needed to establish whether other factors also play a role.
学龄期发育迟缓可能导致成年后身材变矮，从而降低工作能力并产生不良生殖后果。我们比较了来自泰国东北部十所农村学校的567名6至13岁儿童中58名发育迟缓儿童和172名非发育迟缓对照儿童的能量、蛋白质及选定的生长限制营养素的平均摄入量。在每所学校按年龄对儿童进行分层后，随机选择对照儿童。膳食数据通过24小时回顾法计算得出，使用泰国食物成分数据和化学分析中的营养素值。还研究了发育迟缓与社会人口统计学、人体测量学和生化变量之间的相互关系。所研究的生化变量包括血清白蛋白、锌、铁蛋白、转铁蛋白受体和视黄醇，以及随机尿样中的碘。发育迟缓的男性明显多于女性（男性38名，占65.5%；女性20名，占34.5%：P=0.025）。发育迟缓的男性能量、蛋白质、钙、磷和锌的平均摄入量较低，血清锌的平均水平（95%可信区间）也低于非发育迟缓的男性（分别为9.19(8.53,9.84)μmol/L和9.70(8.53,9.29)μmol/L）；未发现其他生化差异。在调整年龄后，发育迟缓的男性平均手臂肌肉面积也低于非发育迟缓的男性（P=0.015）。总之，发育迟缓男性的膳食摄入量低于非发育迟缓男性，这可能与锌缺乏引起的厌食和味觉减退有关。因此，锌缺乏可能是限制身高增长的一个因素，尤其是在泰国东北部的男孩中，但还需要更多研究来确定其他因素是否也起作用。
