van Rooyen Johannes M, Kruger H Salomè, Huisman Hugo W, Schutte Aletta E, Malan Nicolaas T, Schutte Rudolph
School of Physiology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Nutrition. 2005 Jul-Aug;21(7-8):808-14. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2004.12.007.
Early changes in vascular function could be associated with stunting, which may contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases in later life. In this study we tested the hypothesis that stunting may be related to changes in cardiovascular function in African children ages 10 to 15 y.
In the Transition and Health during Urbanization in South Africa in Children study, the health status of children in the North-West Province of South Africa was studied. It was an epidemiologic, cross-sectional study in which 583 black non-stunted and 192 stunted children (stature below the fifth percentile for age) of both sexes ages 10 to 15 y were recruited from 44 schools. Blood pressure was monitored with the Finapres (finger-arterial pressure) apparatus and by means of the Fast Modelflo software program; measurements for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance, and arterial compliance were obtained. Dietary intake data were collected with a 24-h dietary recall questionnaire. Nutrient coding was the same for all recalls and macro- and micronutrients were calculated. Anthropometric measurements were done according to standard methods.
There were no significant differences in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between stunted and non-stunted children after correction for body mass index and heart rate. Stroke volume, arterial compliance, and cardiac output were significantly lower and total peripheral resistance was significantly higher in stunted children than in non-stunted children. No significant differences in dietary intake could be detected, although dietary intakes were slightly lower in the stunted children.
We found that compliance, a marker of vascular function, is significantly lower in stunted children. Stunting was related to early changes in cardiovascular function in African children ages 10 to 15 y.
血管功能的早期变化可能与发育迟缓有关，这可能会促使日后心血管疾病的发生。在本研究中，我们检验了这样一个假设：发育迟缓可能与10至15岁非洲儿童心血管功能的变化有关。
在南非儿童城市化进程中的过渡与健康研究中，对南非西北省儿童的健康状况进行了研究。这是一项流行病学横断面研究，从44所学校招募了583名10至15岁的非发育迟缓黑人儿童和192名发育迟缓儿童（身高低于年龄别第五百分位数）。使用Finapres（指动脉压）仪器并借助Fast Modelflo软件程序监测血压；获得收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、脉压、心率、心输出量、每搏输出量、总外周阻力和动脉顺应性的测量值。通过24小时饮食回顾问卷收集饮食摄入数据。所有回顾的营养编码相同，并计算宏量营养素和微量营养素。人体测量按照标准方法进行。
在校正体重指数和心率后，发育迟缓儿童与非发育迟缓儿童的收缩压和舒张压无显著差异。发育迟缓儿童的每搏输出量、动脉顺应性和心输出量显著低于非发育迟缓儿童，总外周阻力显著高于非发育迟缓儿童。虽然发育迟缓儿童的饮食摄入量略低，但未检测到饮食摄入量有显著差异。
我们发现，作为血管功能标志物的顺应性在发育迟缓儿童中显著较低。发育迟缓与10至15岁非洲儿童心血管功能的早期变化有关。
