Langley Ricky Lee, Higgins Sheila Ann, Herrin Kitty Brown
North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health, Raleigh, NC 27699-1912, USA.
Wilderness Environ Med. 2006 Winter;17(4):229-39. doi: 10.1580/06-weme-or-001r1.1.
Animal-vehicle collisions are a significant public health concern in the United States. The annual economic cost currently exceeds $1 billion from injuries and property damage. A recent study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention evaluated nonfatal injuries from animal-vehicle collisions, but information on fatal animal-vehicle collisions is limited. This study evaluates risk factors associated with fatal animal-vehicle collisions.
This study evaluates characteristics of fatal animal-vehicle collisions in the United States from 1995-2004 by using the Fatality Accident Reporting System database of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
An average of 165 deaths occurred each year during this 10-year time period. Most deaths occurred in rural areas, during the fall months, on straight roads, and in clear weather, and an increasing trend for deaths was noted over this time period.
The number of fatal animal-vehicle collisions is increasing. Various methods to reduce such collisions are described, with fencing appearing to be the most effective. The use of personal restraints such as seat belts in passenger vehicles and helmets for motorcycle and all-terrain-vehicle riders may decrease fatalities during a collision.
在美国，动物与车辆碰撞是一个重大的公共卫生问题。目前，每年因受伤和财产损失造成的经济成本超过10亿美元。疾病控制与预防中心最近的一项研究评估了动物与车辆碰撞导致的非致命伤害，但关于致命动物与车辆碰撞的信息有限。本研究评估与致命动物与车辆碰撞相关的风险因素。
本研究利用国家公路交通安全管理局的死亡事故报告系统数据库，评估了1995年至2004年美国致命动物与车辆碰撞的特征。
在这10年期间，每年平均有165人死亡。大多数死亡发生在农村地区、秋季、直道上以及天气晴朗时，并且在此期间死亡人数呈上升趋势。
致命动物与车辆碰撞的数量正在增加。文中描述了各种减少此类碰撞的方法，其中围栏似乎是最有效的。在乘用车中使用安全带等个人约束装置，以及为摩托车和全地形车骑手佩戴头盔，可能会减少碰撞时的死亡人数。
