芬兰牛传染性鼻气管炎/传染性脓疱性外阴阴道炎（IBR/IPV）病毒的流行病学及根除情况
Epidemiology and eradication of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IBR/IPV) virus in Finland.
作者信息
Nuotio Lasse, Neuvonen Erkki, Hyytiäinen Mauno
机构信息
Department of Virology, National Veterinary and Food Research Institute EELA, PO Box 45, FI-00581 Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
Acta Vet Scand. 2007 Jan 12;49(1):3. doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-49-3.
BACKGROUND
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IBR/IPV) is a significant disease among domestic and wild cattle. The BHV-1 infection was first detected in Finland in 1970; presumably it was imported in 1968. The infection reappeared in the large-scale bulk-tank milk surveillances which started in 1990, and was eradicated in 1994. Our aim is to describe the epidemiology of this infection in Finland, and its eradication.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The official sources of pertinent information, the legal basis for the disease control and the serological methods for the detection of the infection are described.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
Ten AI bulls were found to be seropositive in 1970-1971. The total number of herds with BHV-1 antibody positive animals in the large-scale surveillance in 1990 and subsequent epidemiological investigations in 1991 was five, and the total number of seropositive animals was 90. The five herds formed three epidemiological units; semen of at least one bull seropositive in 1971 had been used in each unit. This remained the only plausible route of infection in each of the three units. Using the 'test and slaughter' approach and total stamping out in one herd the infection was eradicated in 1994.
背景
牛传染性鼻气管炎/传染性脓疱性外阴阴道炎（IBR/IPV）是家养和野生牛群中的一种重要疾病。1970年在芬兰首次检测到牛疱疹病毒1型（BHV-1）感染；据推测，它于1968年传入。该感染在1990年开始的大规模奶罐牛奶监测中再次出现，并于1994年被根除。我们的目的是描述芬兰这种感染的流行病学情况及其根除过程。
材料与方法
描述了相关信息的官方来源、疾病控制的法律依据以及检测该感染的血清学方法。
结果与结论
1970 - 1971年发现10头人工授精公牛血清呈阳性。1990年大规模监测中以及1991年后续流行病学调查中，BHV-1抗体阳性动物的牛群总数为5个，血清阳性动物总数为90头。这5个牛群形成了3个流行病学单元；每个单元都使用了至少一头在1971年血清呈阳性的公牛的精液。这仍然是三个单元中每个单元唯一合理的感染途径。采用“检测与屠宰”方法，并在一个牛群中全面扑杀，该感染于1994年被根除。
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