Laxenaire M C, Mata E, Guéant J L, Moneret-Vautrin D A, Haberer J P
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Nancy, Hôpital Central, France.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1991 Nov;35(8):706-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1991.tb03376.x.
The degree of histamine release induced by three different anesthetic drugs was studied in vitro using basophil leukocytes from atopic patients (n = 11) and controls (n = 14). In all, eight dilutions (1/2 to 10(-5)) of Diprivan and its solvent Intralipid, thiopental and chlormethiazole in aqueous solution, were used. Histamine was released in four controls with weak dilutions (1/2 to 10(-5)) of Diprivan (n = 2) and thiopental (n = 2). The reaction with thiopental was greater than that with Diprivan. Five of the atopic subjects released histamine with one or more drug: thiopental and Diprivan four times each, Intralipid twice, and chlormethiazole once. Histamine release was greater in these patients than in controls, and occurred with dilutions ranging from 1/2 to 10(-2), except for one case. It is concluded that atopic patients release histamine with hypnotic anesthetic drugs more easily than normal subjects. In the clinical setting, where blood concentration of the drugs studied is equivalent to a dilution of less than 10(-3), they do not release much histamine. They may be used in atopic patients if the drugs are injected slowly.
利用特应性患者（n = 11）和对照者（n = 14）的嗜碱性白细胞，在体外研究了三种不同麻醉药物诱导的组胺释放程度。总共使用了Diprivan及其溶剂英脱利匹特、硫喷妥钠和氯美噻唑在水溶液中的八种稀释度（1/2至10⁻⁵）。在使用Diprivan（n = 2）和硫喷妥钠（n = 2）的弱稀释度（1/2至10⁻⁵）时，有四名对照者释放了组胺。与硫喷妥钠的反应大于与Diprivan的反应。五名特应性受试者因一种或多种药物释放了组胺：硫喷妥钠和Diprivan各四次，英脱利匹特两次，氯美噻唑一次。这些患者的组胺释放比对照者更多，且除一例之外，在1/2至10⁻²的稀释度下均有发生。得出的结论是，特应性患者比正常受试者更容易因催眠麻醉药物释放组胺。在临床环境中，所研究药物的血药浓度相当于小于10⁻³的稀释度时，它们不会释放太多组胺。如果药物缓慢注射，它们可用于特应性患者。
