Griel Amy E, Kris-Etherton Penny M, Hilpert Kirsten F, Zhao Guixiang, West Sheila G, Corwin Rebecca L
Department of Nutritional Sciences, 126 S Henderson Bldg, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Nutr J. 2007 Jan 16;6:2. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-6-2.
Human, animal, and in vitro research indicates a beneficial effect of appropriate amounts of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on bone health. This is the first controlled feeding study in humans to evaluate the effect of dietary plant-derived n-3 PUFA on bone turnover, assessed by serum concentrations of N-telopeptides (NTx) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP). Subjects (n = 23) consumed each diet for 6 weeks in a randomized, 3-period crossover design: 1) Average American Diet (AAD; [34% total fat, 13% saturated fatty acids (SFA), 13% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), 9% PUFA (7.7% LA, 0.8% ALA)]), 2) Linoleic Acid Diet (LA; [37% total fat, 9% SFA, 12% MUFA, 16% PUFA (12.6% LA, 3.6% ALA)]), and 3) alpha-Linolenic Acid Diet (ALA; [38% total fat, 8% SFA, 12% MUFA, 17% PUFA (10.5% LA, 6.5% ALA)]). Walnuts and flaxseed oil were the predominant sources of ALA. NTx levels were significantly lower following the ALA diet (13.20 +/- 1.21 nM BCE), relative to the AAD (15.59 +/- 1.21 nM BCE) (p < 0.05). Mean NTx level following the LA diet was 13.80 +/- 1.21 nM BCE. There was no change in levels of BSAP across the three diets. Concentrations of NTx were positively correlated with the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFalpha for all three diets. The results indicate that plant sources of dietary n-3 PUFA may have a protective effect on bone metabolism via a decrease in bone resorption in the presence of consistent levels of bone formation.
人体、动物及体外研究表明，适量的ω-3（n-3）多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）对骨骼健康有益。这是首项针对人类的对照喂养研究，旨在评估膳食中植物源n-3 PUFA对骨转换的影响，通过血清N-端肽（NTx）和骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（BSAP）浓度进行评估。受试者（n = 23）采用随机、3期交叉设计，每种饮食各食用6周：1）美国平均饮食（AAD；[总脂肪34%，饱和脂肪酸（SFA）13%，单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）13%，PUFA 9%（亚油酸（LA）7.7%，α-亚麻酸（ALA）0.8%）]），2）亚油酸饮食（LA；[总脂肪37%，SFA 9%，MUFA 12%，PUFA 1十六条%（LA 12.6%，ALA 3.6%）]），3）α-亚麻酸饮食（ALA；[总脂肪38%，SFA 8%，MUFA 12%，PUFA 17%（LA 10.5%，ALA 6.5%）]）。核桃和亚麻籽油是ALA的主要来源。与AAD（15.59 +/- 1.21 nM BCE）相比，ALA饮食后NTx水平显著降低（13.20 +/- 1.21 nM BCE）（p < .05）。LA饮食后的平均NTx水平为13.80 +/- 1.21 nM BCE。三种饮食的BSAP水平均无变化。三种饮食的NTx浓度均与促炎细胞因子TNFα呈正相关。结果表明，膳食中植物源n-3 PUFA在骨形成水平保持一致的情况下，可能通过减少骨吸收对骨代谢产生保护作用。
