Suppr超能文献

丝状病毒疫苗的现状与挑战

Status and challenges of filovirus vaccines.

作者信息

Reed Douglas S, Mohamadzadeh Mansour

机构信息

Center for Aerobiological Sciences, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702-5011, USA.

出版信息

Vaccine. 2007 Mar 1;25(11):1923-34. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.11.037. Epub 2006 Nov 29.

Abstract

Vaccines that could protect humans against the highly lethal Marburg and Ebola viruses have eluded scientists for decades. Classical approaches have been generally unsuccessful for Marburg and Ebola viruses and pose enormous safety concerns as well. Modern approaches, in particular those using vector-based approaches have met with success in nonhuman primate models although success against Ebola has been more difficult to achieve than Marburg. Despite these successes, more work remains to be done. For the vector-based vaccines, safety in humans and potency in the face of pre-existing anti-vector immunity may be critical thresholds for licensure. The immunological mechanism(s) by which these vaccines protect has not yet been convincingly determined. Licensure of these vaccines for natural outbreaks may be possible through clinical trials although this will be very difficult; licensure may also be possible by pivotal efficacy studies in animal models with an appropriate challenge. Nevertheless, nonhuman primate studies have shown that protection against Marburg and Ebola is possible and there is hope that one day a vaccine will be licensed for human use.

摘要

几十年来,科学家们一直未能研发出能保护人类抵御高致死性马尔堡病毒和埃博拉病毒的疫苗。传统方法对马尔堡病毒和埃博拉病毒总体上并不成功,而且还存在巨大的安全隐患。现代方法,尤其是基于载体的方法,在非人类灵长类动物模型中取得了成功,不过,相较于马尔堡病毒,在埃博拉病毒上取得成功更具难度。尽管取得了这些成功,但仍有更多工作要做。对于基于载体的疫苗而言,人体安全性以及面对预先存在的抗载体免疫时的效力,可能是获批许可的关键门槛。这些疫苗发挥保护作用的免疫机制尚未得到令人信服的确立。通过临床试验或许有可能批准这些疫苗用于自然疫情爆发,不过这将极具难度;通过在合适的攻毒动物模型中开展关键疗效研究也有可能获批。尽管如此,非人类灵长类动物研究表明,抵御马尔堡病毒和埃博拉病毒是有可能的,而且有望有一天能批准一种疫苗供人类使用。

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍。

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索

文档翻译

学术文献翻译模型,支持多种主流文档格式。

立即体验