U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
J Virol. 2013 May;87(9):4952-64. doi: 10.1128/JVI.03361-12. Epub 2013 Feb 13.
There are no vaccines or therapeutics currently approved for the prevention or treatment of ebolavirus infection. Previously, a replicon vaccine based on Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) demonstrated protective efficacy against Marburg virus in nonhuman primates. Here, we report the protective efficacy of Sudan virus (SUDV)- and Ebola virus (EBOV)-specific VEEV replicon particle (VRP) vaccines in nonhuman primates. VRP vaccines were developed to express the glycoprotein (GP) of either SUDV or EBOV. A single intramuscular vaccination of cynomolgus macaques with VRP expressing SUDV GP provided complete protection against intramuscular challenge with SUDV. Vaccination against SUDV and subsequent survival of SUDV challenge did not fully protect cynomolgus macaques against intramuscular EBOV back-challenge. However, a single simultaneous intramuscular vaccination with VRP expressing SUDV GP combined with VRP expressing EBOV GP did provide complete protection against intramuscular challenge with either SUDV or EBOV in cynomolgus macaques. Finally, intramuscular vaccination with VRP expressing SUDV GP completely protected cynomolgus macaques when challenged with aerosolized SUDV, although complete protection against aerosol challenge required two vaccinations with this vaccine.
目前尚无预防或治疗埃博拉病毒感染的疫苗或疗法。此前，一种基于委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒（VEEV）的复制子疫苗已证明可在非人类灵长类动物中预防马尔堡病毒。在这里，我们报告了苏丹病毒（SUDV）和埃博拉病毒（EBOV）特异性 VEEV 复制子颗粒（VRP）疫苗在非人类灵长类动物中的保护效力。VRP 疫苗的开发是为了表达 SUDV 或 EBOV 的糖蛋白（GP）。单次肌肉内接种表达 SUDV GP 的 VRP 可完全保护食蟹猴免受 SUDV 肌肉内挑战。接种 SUDV 并随后存活下来的 SUDV 挑战并不能完全保护食蟹猴免受肌肉内 EBOV 回挑战。然而，单次同时肌肉内接种表达 SUDV GP 的 VRP 与表达 EBOV GP 的 VRP 相结合，可完全保护食蟹猴免受肌肉内 SUDV 或 EBOV 的挑战。最后，当用气溶胶化的 SUDV 对食蟹猴进行挑战时，肌肉内接种表达 SUDV GP 的 VRP 可完全保护食蟹猴，尽管完全预防气溶胶挑战需要用这种疫苗进行两次接种。
