日本黑腹果蝇自然种群的遗传分析。III. 淀粉酶诱导因子和适合度的遗传变异性。
Genetic Analysis of Natural Populations of DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER in Japan. III. Genetic Variability of Inducing Factors of Amylase and Fitness.
机构信息
Laboratory of Population Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
出版信息
Genetics. 1984 Sep;108(1):223-35. doi: 10.1093/genetics/108.1.223.
Abstract
"Inducibility" of amylase in Drosophila melanogaster was defined and investigated in a natural population from Japan. Inducibility represents the effects of factors remote from the structural gene that control the amount of enzyme produced. Inducibility of an isogenic line is measured as the ratio of the enzyme's specific activity in two different inducing environments. There was considerable genetic variability with respect to inducibility of amylase in 44 isogenic lines derived from a natural population of D. melanogaster . Net fitness and its components in these isogenic lines were also measured. The results indicated that, although the inducibility of the enzyme was positively correlated with the net fitness (r(g) = 0.63 +/- 0.2), the enzyme activities in the normal medium were not (r(g) = 0.12 +/- 0.37). The analysis of the data shows that the differences in inducing factors are mainly responsible for the differences in the fitness of lines and are the genetic materials for the adaptive evolution of organisms.
摘要
在日本的一个自然种群中，对黑腹果蝇的淀粉酶的“可诱导性”进行了定义和研究。可诱导性代表了远离结构基因的因素对产生的酶量的控制作用。同基因系的可诱导性是通过两种不同诱导环境中酶的比活性来衡量的。在从黑腹果蝇的自然种群中衍生出的 44 条同基因系中，淀粉酶的可诱导性存在相当大的遗传变异性。在这些同基因系中，净适合度及其组成也进行了测量。结果表明，尽管酶的可诱导性与净适合度呈正相关（r(g) = 0.63 +/- 0.2），但在正常培养基中的酶活性却没有相关性（r(g) = 0.12 +/- 0.37）。数据分析表明，诱导因子的差异主要是导致品系适合度差异的原因，也是生物适应性进化的遗传物质。
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