Fischer Horst, Luk Maria, Oedekoven Bernward, Telle Rainer, Mottaghy Khosrow
Department of Ceramics and Refractory Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Mauerstrasse 5, D-52064 Aachen, Germany.
J Biomed Mater Res A. 2007 Jun 15;81(4):982-6. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.31119.
High strength oxide ceramic materials like alumina and zirconia are frequently used for artificial joints because of their biocompatibility and high wear resistance. Their suitability as materials for implants and biomedical devices with direct blood contact, such as cardiovascular implants or components for blood pumps and dialyzers, has not been confirmed to date. The objective of this study was to investigate whether oxide ceramics show sufficient hemocompatibility. Dense specimens were made out of alumina, zirconia, titanium oxide, and aluminum titanate. Polyvinylchloride and silicone were additionally tested as reference materials. Interactions of human blood with the surfaces were studied by investigating partial thromboplastin time (PTT), thrombin antithrombin III complex (TAT), free plasma hemoglobin concentration, complete blood count, complement factor 5a, and protein adsorption. The results from the PTT and TAT tests clearly indicated higher blood activation by the ceramic materials when compared to the two polymer materials. However, alumina and zirconia showed lower C5a concentrations and less protein adsorption than the reference materials. Our results revealed that oxide ceramic materials alone cannot be used for implants in direct blood contact without modification of the ceramic surface, for example, by made-to-measure inert nanocoatings.
像氧化铝和氧化锆这样的高强度氧化物陶瓷材料，因其生物相容性和高耐磨性，常用于人工关节。然而，它们作为与血液直接接触的植入物和生物医学装置（如心血管植入物或血泵及透析器部件）的材料，目前尚未得到证实。本研究的目的是调查氧化物陶瓷是否具有足够的血液相容性。用氧化铝、氧化锆、二氧化钛和钛酸铝制成致密试样。另外，还测试了聚氯乙烯和硅酮作为参考材料。通过研究部分凝血活酶时间（PTT）、凝血酶抗凝血酶III复合物（TAT）、游离血浆血红蛋白浓度、全血细胞计数、补体因子5a和蛋白质吸附，研究了人体血液与这些表面的相互作用。PTT和TAT测试结果清楚地表明，与两种聚合物材料相比，陶瓷材料对血液的激活作用更强。然而，氧化铝和氧化锆的C5a浓度低于参考材料，蛋白质吸附也更少。我们的结果表明，未经陶瓷表面改性（例如通过定制的惰性纳米涂层），单独的氧化物陶瓷材料不能用于与血液直接接触的植入物。
