Roposch Andreas, Wright James G
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond St, London WC1N 3JH, England.
Radiology. 2007 Feb;242(2):355-9. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2422051937.
Great advances have been made in developing strategies to improve the quality of medical care in the past decade; these advances include better diagnostic technologies, such as ultrasonography (US), computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Although these tests provide new information on many conditions, such as developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), the differentiation of what is normal, what is abnormal, and what is disease is no longer intuitive. Historically, the diagnosis of DDH was straightforward. The diagnosis was based primarily on clinical findings, which were often confirmed with radiography. Abnormal hips were either subluxated or dislocated and, if left untreated, adverse consequences were certain in either situation. Since the introduction of hip US, however, increased diagnostic sophistication has led to uncertainty as to how to interpret the continuous spectrum of acetabular morphology. There is no consensus on the degree of acetabular dysplasia that does or does not require treatment. Because not every abnormal finding may require treatment, the terms abnormality and disease are not synonymous.
在过去十年中，在制定提高医疗质量的策略方面取得了巨大进展；这些进展包括更好的诊断技术，如超声检查（US）、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像。尽管这些检查提供了关于许多病症的新信息，如发育性髋关节发育不良（DDH），但区分正常、异常和疾病已不再直观。从历史上看，DDH的诊断很简单。诊断主要基于临床发现，通常通过X线摄影来证实。异常的髋关节要么半脱位要么脱位，如果不治疗，在这两种情况下都会产生不良后果。然而，自从引入髋关节超声检查以来，诊断复杂性的增加导致了如何解释髋臼形态连续谱的不确定性。对于需要治疗或不需要治疗的髋臼发育不良程度没有共识。因为并非每个异常发现都需要治疗，所以异常和疾病这两个术语不是同义词。
