Landis R Clive
Edmund Cohen Laboratory for Vascular Research, University of the West Indies, Chronic Disease Research Centre, Jemmotts Lane, Barbados, West Indies.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2007 Feb;21(1):103-13. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2006.11.005.
The protease-activated receptors (PARs) are a unique family of vascular receptors that confer on cells an ability to sense, and respond to, local changes in the proteolytic environment. They are activated by serine proteases of the blood coagulation cascade, notably thrombin, and are linked to thrombotic and inflammatory effector pathways. In surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), thrombin is generated in large quantities in the extracorporeal circuit and can exert systemic effects by way of platelet and endothelial PAR1. Aprotinin (Trasylol), a serine protease inhibitor used in cardiac surgery, preserves platelet function, and attenuates the inflammatory response by protecting the PAR 1 receptor on platelets and endothelium.
蛋白酶激活受体（PARs）是一类独特的血管受体家族，赋予细胞感知蛋白水解环境局部变化并做出反应的能力。它们由凝血级联反应中的丝氨酸蛋白酶激活，尤其是凝血酶，并与血栓形成和炎症效应途径相关联。在体外循环（CPB）手术中，体外循环回路中会大量产生凝血酶，可通过血小板和内皮PAR1发挥全身作用。抑肽酶（Trasylol）是一种用于心脏手术的丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，可保留血小板功能，并通过保护血小板和内皮上的PAR 1受体减轻炎症反应。
