Gueimonde Miguel, Salminen Seppo
Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, Itäinen Pitkäkatu, Turku, Finland.
Dig Liver Dis. 2006 Dec;38 Suppl 2:S242-7. doi: 10.1016/S1590-8658(07)60003-6.
Recent studies have increased our understanding on the mechanistic basis of the proposed probiotic health effects. Well designed human studies have demonstrated that specific probiotic strains have health benefits in the human population. These have led to a wide acceptation of the probiotic concept. However, current probiotics have not been selected for specific purposes. Novel methods to select and characterise target-specific probiotic strains are thus needed. In addition to the traditional selection procedures, in recent years, knowledge on intestinal microbiota, nutrition, immunity and mechanisms of action has increased dramatically and can now be combined with genomic data to allow the isolation and characterization of new target- or site-specific probiotics. We should expect to see new, third generation probiotics emerging in the near future and also new selection criteria further defining the targets of future probiotics.
近期的研究增进了我们对所提出的益生菌健康效应机制基础的理解。精心设计的人体研究表明，特定的益生菌菌株对人类有益健康。这些研究结果使得益生菌概念得到了广泛认可。然而，目前的益生菌并非针对特定目的而筛选。因此，需要新的方法来筛选和鉴定靶向特定的益生菌菌株。除了传统的筛选程序外，近年来，关于肠道微生物群、营养、免疫和作用机制的知识有了显著增加，现在可以与基因组数据相结合，以分离和鉴定新的靶向或位点特异性益生菌。我们有望在不久的将来看到新一代的益生菌出现，以及进一步界定未来益生菌靶点的新筛选标准。
