Tempalski Barbara, Flom Peter L, Friedman Samuel R, Des Jarlais Don C, Friedman Judith J, McKnight Courtney, Friedman Risa
Center for Drug Use and HIV Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Inc, New York, NY 10010, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2007 Mar;97(3):437-47. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2005.065961. Epub 2007 Jan 31.
Community activism can be important in shaping public health policies. For example, political pressure and direct action from grassroots activists have been central to the formation of syringe exchange programs (SEPs) in the United States. We explored why SEPs are present in some localities but not others, hypothesizing that programs are unevenly distributed across geographic areas as a result of political, socioeconomic, and organizational characteristics of localities, including needs, resources, and local opposition. We examined the effects of these factors on whether SEPs were present in different US metropolitan statistical areas in 2000. Predictors of the presence of an SEP included percentage of the population with a college education, the existence of local AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) chapters, and the percentage of men who have sex with men in the population. Need was not a predictor.
社区行动主义在塑造公共卫生政策方面可能很重要。例如,基层活动家的政治压力和直接行动一直是美国注射器交换计划(SEP)形成的核心因素。我们探究了为什么SEP在一些地区存在而在其他地区不存在,推测由于各地区的政治、社会经济和组织特征,包括需求、资源和当地的反对意见,这些计划在地理区域上分布不均。我们研究了这些因素对2000年美国不同大都市统计区是否存在SEP的影响。SEP存在的预测因素包括受过大学教育的人口百分比、当地艾滋病解放力量联盟(ACT UP)分会的存在以及男男性行为者在人口中的百分比。需求并不是一个预测因素。