Hesselgard Karin, Larsson Sylvia, Romner Bertil, Strömblad Lars-Göran, Reinstrup Peter
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2007 Mar;8(2):102-8. doi: 10.1097/01.PCC.0000257098.32268.AA.
Pain measurement is a necessity in pain treatment but can be difficult in young children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Behavioural Observational Pain Scale (BOPS) as a postoperative pain measurement scale for children aged 1-7 yrs. The scale assesses three elements of pain behaviors: facial expression, verbalization, and body position.
A prospective study.
A day surgery care unit for children and a neurosurgical postoperative care unit.
Seventy-six children aged 1-7 yrs (4.5 +/- 1.8) undergoing elective surgical procedures were observed.
None.
The study was divided into interrater reliability, concurrent validity, and construct validity. The interrater reliabilities of the observers were very good with a high agreement between the different nurses' BOPS scores. Each item of the BOPS scale ranged from kappa(w) 0.86 to 0.95. In the concurrent validity, BOPS and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale scores had a positive correlation indicating that both tools described similar behaviors (r(s) = .871, p < .001). In construct validity, the effect of analgesic was tested before analgesic administration and at 15, 30, and 60 mins after analgesic administration. The differences in BOPS score between the time intervals were significant (p < .01) before administration of analgesia and at 15, 30, and 60 mins. There was also statistical significance in the BOPS score (p < .01) between 15 and 60 mins after administration of analgesia.
With BOPS, the caretaker can evaluate and document pain with high reliability and validity and thereby improve postoperative pain treatment in preschool children. The simple scoring system makes BOPS easy to incorporate in a postoperative unit.
疼痛测量是疼痛治疗中的一项必要工作，但对于幼儿来说可能具有挑战性。本研究的目的是评估行为观察疼痛量表（BOPS）作为1至7岁儿童术后疼痛测量量表的有效性和可靠性。该量表评估疼痛行为的三个要素：面部表情、言语表达和身体姿势。
一项前瞻性研究。
一家儿童日间手术护理单元和一个神经外科术后护理单元。
观察了76名年龄在1至7岁（4.5±1.8）接受择期外科手术的儿童。
无。
该研究分为评分者间信度、同时效度和结构效度。观察者之间的评分者间信度非常好，不同护士的BOPS评分之间具有高度一致性。BOPS量表的每个项目的kappa（w）范围为0.86至0.95。在同时效度方面，BOPS与安大略东部儿童医院疼痛量表得分呈正相关，表明这两种工具描述的行为相似（r（s）=0.871，p<0.001）。在结构效度方面，在给予镇痛剂之前以及给予镇痛剂后15、30和60分钟测试镇痛效果。在给予镇痛剂之前以及15、30和60分钟时，各时间间隔之间的BOPS评分差异具有统计学意义（p<0.01）。在给予镇痛剂后15至60分钟之间，BOPS评分也具有统计学意义（p<0.01）。
使用BOPS，护理人员可以高度可靠且有效地评估和记录疼痛，从而改善学龄前儿童的术后疼痛治疗。简单的评分系统使BOPS易于应用于术后护理单元。
