Johansson Bert E, Brett Ian C
Innovation Sciences, Armonk, NY 10504, USA.
Vaccine. 2007 Apr 20;25(16):3062-5. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.01.030. Epub 2007 Jan 19.
Current vaccination strategies against influenza rely on decades old technology of strain selection and prolonged labor-intensive, embryonated chicken-egg based production methods. Although, containing both major surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), the immunity engendered by these vaccines is dominated by the anti-HA response. Consequently, current vaccines are susceptible to failure resulting from significant antigenic drift or shift in the time elapsing from the selection of the vaccine candidate strain and wild-type virus exposure. Therefore, immunity may be of short duration. There must be a change in vaccine strategy to include immunization with both HA and NA to broaden the immune response against influenza. Inclusion of the more slowly evolving NA in a vaccine against influenza will reduce the vulnerability to antigenic changes in a potential emerging influenza virus. Alternative production technologies such as recombinant baculovirus and yeast should be explored to decrease vaccine production times.
当前的流感疫苗接种策略依赖于数十年前的毒株选择技术以及耗时长久、劳动密集型的基于鸡胚的生产方法。尽管这些疫苗包含两种主要的表面糖蛋白，即血凝素（HA）和神经氨酸酶（NA），但这些疫苗产生的免疫反应主要由抗HA反应主导。因此，当前的疫苗容易因从候选疫苗毒株选择到接触野生型病毒这段时间内出现的显著抗原漂移或转变而失效。所以，免疫力可能持续时间较短。必须改变疫苗策略，将HA和NA都纳入免疫接种，以扩大针对流感的免疫反应。在流感疫苗中纳入进化较慢的NA将降低对潜在新出现流感病毒抗原变化的易感性。应探索如重组杆状病毒和酵母等替代生产技术，以缩短疫苗生产时间。
