Dew Kevin
Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
Sociol Health Illn. 2007 Jan;29(1):100-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9566.2007.00521.x.
Public health researchers have used a number of concepts derived from the work of Durkheim, such as anomie and social capital. One concept that has not been deployed in public health discourses is that of the cult of humanity - Durkheim's religion in a society organised around organic solidarity. This paper discusses Durkheim's views on religion and science, and the cult of humanity. The cult of humanity is characterised as having humanity at the centre of worship and combining elements of religion and science. Medicine and complementary therapies are identified as possible candidates to fulfil the role of the cult of humanity, but the institution of public health seems to be a particularly apt candidate. The paper concludes by discussing the way in which this analysis provides insight into the dual advocacy and academic functions of public health, the tension between individual choice and constraint and the buffering role of public health in relation to other social institutions.
公共卫生研究人员运用了一些源自涂尔干著作的概念，比如失范和社会资本。公共卫生话语中尚未运用的一个概念是人类崇拜——涂尔干所说的围绕有机团结组织起来的社会中的宗教。本文讨论了涂尔干对宗教和科学的看法以及人类崇拜。人类崇拜的特点是以人类为崇拜核心，并融合了宗教和科学的元素。医学和补充疗法被认为有可能充当人类崇拜的角色，但公共卫生机构似乎是一个特别合适的候选者。本文最后讨论了这种分析如何有助于深入理解公共卫生的双重倡导和学术功能、个人选择与约束之间的紧张关系以及公共卫生相对于其他社会机构的缓冲作用。
