Clark J E, Hammal D, Hampton F, Spencer D, Parker L
Department of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle, UK.
Epidemiol Infect. 2007 Feb;135(2):262-9. doi: 10.1017/S0950268806006741.
There is little UK data on hospital admission rates for childhood pneumonia, lobar pneumonia, severity or risk factors. From 13 hospitals serving the catchment population, demographic and clinical details were prospectively collected between 2001 and 2002 for children aged 0-15 years, seen by a paediatrician with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and consistent chest X-ray changes. From 750 children assessed in hospital, incidence of CAP was 14.4 (95% CI 13.4-15.4)/10,000 children per year and 33.8 (95% CI 31.1-36.7) for <5-year-olds; with an incidence for admission to hospital of 12.2 (95% CI 11.3-13.2) and 28.7 (95% CI 26.2-31.4) respectively. Where ascertainment was confirmed, incidence of CAP assessed in hospital was 16.1 (95% CI 14.9-17.3) and 41.0 (95% CI 37.7-44.5) in the 0-4 years age group, whilst incidence for hospital admission was 13.5 (95% CI 12.4-14.6) and 32 (95% CI 29.1-35.1) respectively. In the <5 years age group incidence of lobar pneumonia was 5.6 (95% CI 4.5-6.8)/10,000 per year and severe disease 19.4 (95% CI 17.4-21.7)/10,000 per year. Risk of severe CAP was significantly increased for those aged <5 years (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.07-2.11) and with prematurity, OR 4.02 (95% CI 1.16-13.85). It also varied significantly by county of residence. This is a unique insight into the burden of hospital assessments and admissions caused by childhood pneumonia in the United Kingdom and will help inform future preventative strategies.
关于儿童肺炎、大叶性肺炎的住院率、严重程度或风险因素，英国的数据很少。在2001年至2002年期间，从为服务人群提供服务的13家医院，前瞻性收集了年龄在0至15岁、由儿科医生诊断为社区获得性肺炎（CAP）且胸部X光有一致变化的儿童的人口统计学和临床详细信息。在750名接受住院评估的儿童中，CAP的发病率为每年14.4（95%置信区间13.4 - 15.4）/10000名儿童，5岁以下儿童为33.8（95%置信区间31.1 - 36.7）；住院发病率分别为12.2（95%置信区间11.3 - 13.2）和28.7（95%置信区间26.2 - 31.4）。在确诊的情况下，0至4岁年龄组在医院评估的CAP发病率为16.1（95%置信区间14.9 - 17.3），住院发病率分别为13.5（95%置信区间12.4 - 14.6）；5岁以下年龄组大叶性肺炎的发病率为每年5.6（95%置信区间4.5 - 6.8）/10000，重症疾病为每年19.4（95%置信区间17.4 - 21.7）/10000。5岁以下儿童（比值比1.50，95%置信区间1.07 - 2.11）和早产儿（比值比4.02，95%置信区间1.16 - 13.85）患重症CAP的风险显著增加。其发病率因居住县的不同也有显著差异。这为英国儿童肺炎导致的住院评估和住院负担提供了独特的见解，并将有助于为未来的预防策略提供信息。
