厄瓜多尔瓜亚基尔中年女性对更年期的认知与态度。

Perceptions and attitudes toward the menopause among middle aged women from Guayaquil, Ecuador.

作者信息

Leon Patricia, Chedraui Peter, Hidalgo Luis, Ortiz Fernando

机构信息

Ecuadorian Climacteric & Menopause Society (SECLIM-Núcleo Guayas), Guayaquil, Ecuador.

出版信息

Maturitas. 2007 Jul 20;57(3):233-8. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2007.01.003. Epub 2007 Feb 9.

DOI:10.1016/j.maturitas.2007.01.003

PMID:17293066

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Studies reporting the perspective of Latin American women, Ecuador, included, regarding the menopausal phenomena are scarce or lacking.

OBJECTIVES

Obtain information regarding the perception and attitudes toward the menopause among middle aged women of Guayaquil, Ecuador.

METHODS

Women aged 40 or more, nursing staff members of two major associated teaching hospitals of the Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Ecuador, were surveyed with a structured questionnaire containing items intended to assess women's perception and attitudes toward the menopause. Secondarily level of information related to the menopause was explored.

RESULTS

During the study period, 349 women were surveyed of which mean age was 48+/-6.8 years. A 41.3% were postmenopausal, 55% premenopausal and 3.7% had a history of hysterectomy with conserved ovaries. Women more frequently perceived the menopause as a positive event as they agreed that it is a normal (93.7%) and important event (73.6%), that it gives more confidence and maturity (78.8%), that they may fully enjoy sexual relations (74.8%), that there is a relief as the risk of becoming pregnant is null (65.3%) and that life becomes easier and calmer (60.7%). A relatively high rate demonstrated a preoccupying attitude toward the menopause as 79.4% responded to be concerned about it indicating that seeking medical attention was important, moreover, 77.9% responded that health during this phase be taken care of and life styles changed. Less than 50% of surveyed women considered having enough information regarding the menopause whereas a high rate indicated wanting to receive educational sessions related to the menopause. Married and lower educated women were not concerned about the menopause in a higher rate than their counterparts.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite the fact that women perceived the menopause as a positive event, displaying a concerned attitude toward it, their related knowledge was low.

摘要

背景

关于包括厄瓜多尔在内的拉丁美洲女性对更年期现象看法的研究稀缺或欠缺。

目的

获取厄瓜多尔瓜亚基尔中年女性对更年期的认知和态度的信息。

方法

对年龄在40岁及以上的女性，即厄瓜多尔瓜亚基尔天主教大学两所主要附属教学医院的护理人员，使用一份结构化问卷进行调查，问卷中的项目旨在评估女性对更年期的认知和态度。其次，探究与更年期相关的信息水平。

结果

在研究期间，共调查了349名女性，平均年龄为48±6.8岁。41.3%为绝经后女性，55%为绝经前女性，3.7%有子宫切除但保留卵巢的病史。女性更常将更年期视为积极事件，因为她们认同这是正常事件（93.7%）和重要事件（73.6%），认为它能带来更多自信和成熟（78.8%），她们可以充分享受性关系（74.8%），因怀孕风险为零而感到轻松（65.3%），且生活变得更轻松平静（60.7%）。相对较高比例的女性对更年期持担忧态度，79.4%的人表示对此感到担忧，表明寻求医疗关注很重要，此外，77.9%的人表示在此阶段要关注健康并改变生活方式。不到50%的受访女性认为自己对更年期有足够的了解，而很大比例的人表示希望参加与更年期相关的教育课程。已婚和受教育程度较低的女性对更年期的担忧比例并不高于其对应人群。