Kjelvik Grete, Sando Sigrid Botne, Aasly Jan, Engedal Knut A, White Linda R
Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Technology and Science, Trondheim, Norway.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007 Oct;22(10):1020-4. doi: 10.1002/gps.1783.
Several studies have shown that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with hyposmia. Olfactory identification may be a cheap and simple additional test in the assessment of early cognitive changes. The sense of smell is influenced by factors such as experience and culture and the aim of the present study was to assess the validity of the Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) in distinguishing patients with AD from healthy gender and age-matched controls in a Norwegian population.
The study included 39 patients with a diagnosis of probable AD, and 52 gender and age-matched controls. Olfactory function was assessed with B-SIT, and a non-standardized olfactory identification task (freshly ground coffee).
The difference in olfactory performance between patients and controls was highly significant, both for the whole AD patient group and the subgroup of patients with MMSE >or= 24. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses indicated that B-SIT distinguished patients from controls with high sensitivity and specificity. All the odours in B-SIT with the exception of turpentine showed highly significant differences between patients and controls. AD-associated memory impairment did not seem to affect the answers given for B-SIT in this population.
For patients with AD, the Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) appears to be well-suited for detecting a deficit in olfactory identification in a Norwegian population.
多项研究表明，阿尔茨海默病（AD）与嗅觉减退有关。嗅觉识别可能是评估早期认知变化的一种廉价且简单的附加测试。嗅觉受经验和文化等因素影响，本研究的目的是评估简易嗅觉识别测试（B-SIT）在挪威人群中区分AD患者与性别和年龄匹配的健康对照者的有效性。
该研究纳入了39例诊断为可能AD的患者以及52例性别和年龄匹配的对照者。使用B-SIT和一项非标准化的嗅觉识别任务（现磨咖啡）评估嗅觉功能。
无论是整个AD患者组还是简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）≥24的患者亚组，患者与对照者在嗅觉表现上的差异都非常显著。受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析表明，B-SIT能够以高灵敏度和特异性区分患者与对照者。除松节油外，B-SIT中的所有气味在患者与对照者之间均显示出高度显著的差异。在该人群中，与AD相关的记忆障碍似乎并未影响对B-SIT给出的答案。
对于AD患者，简易嗅觉识别测试（B-SIT）似乎非常适合检测挪威人群中的嗅觉识别缺陷。
