Yee Richard W
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2007 Mar;18(2):134-9. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e328089f1c8.
Topically applied medications are frequently used in ophthalmology to treat acute and chronic conditions, and are considered to be safer than their systemically applied counterparts, due to the reduced rate of systemic side effects.
Many experimental and clinical studies have reported that the long-term use of topical medications in chronic ophthalmic conditions, such as glaucoma, may adversely affect the ocular surface. Preservatives play a pivotal role in almost all multidose ophthalmic preparations, inhibiting microbial growth and preserving the active drug. Consequently, preservatives are partially responsible for ocular side effects, although the exact mechanism of these side effects is not known.
The role of preservatives in the efficacy and side effects of antiglaucoma drugs is reviewed. The recent advances in preservative technologies and their role in decreasing the side effects associated with antiglaucoma drugs are also discussed.
局部应用药物在眼科常用于治疗急性和慢性疾病，由于全身副作用发生率较低，被认为比全身应用的同类药物更安全。
许多实验和临床研究报告称，在青光眼等慢性眼科疾病中长期使用局部药物可能会对眼表产生不利影响。防腐剂在几乎所有多剂量眼科制剂中都起着关键作用，可抑制微生物生长并保存活性药物。因此，防腐剂是眼部副作用的部分原因，尽管这些副作用的确切机制尚不清楚。
综述了防腐剂在抗青光眼药物疗效和副作用中的作用。还讨论了防腐剂技术的最新进展及其在减少与抗青光眼药物相关副作用方面的作用。
