Peris Mónica, Micó Carolina, Recatalá Luis, Sánchez Raúl, Sánchez Juan
Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (Universitat de València, CSIC, Generalitat Valenciana), Camí de la marjal s/n. 46470-Albal, València, España.
Sci Total Environ. 2007 May 25;378(1-2):42-8. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.01.030. Epub 2007 Feb 15.
Heavy metal content (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) was analysed in the edible parts of two types of horticultural crops (leaf and inflorescence crops) from 30 agricultural fields in Castellón (Spain), a representative area of the European Mediterranean region. Selected soil properties relevant to control the mobility and bioavaibility of heavy metals were analysed for the general characterisation of these agricultural soils. The levels of clay, high percentages of organic matter and the presence of carbonate seem to suggest an important retention of heavy metals by these components in most of these soils. However, the high salinity in some fields (>4 dS/m) seems to facilitate the mobility of some heavy metals (e.g. Cu). The mean values of total contents of heavy metals in soils were similar to values obtained in other works on Spanish agricultural soils. However, there were some fields with a metal content (particularly Cu, Pb or Zn) higher than these works, reflecting an important anthropogenic source. In seven fields, the crop contents of Cd and/or Pb were higher than the maximum levels established by the Commission Regulation no. 466/2001 for horticultural crops. Heavy metal contents in leaf crops were higher than in inflorescence crops, except for Zn. The differences for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe and Mn contents between these two types of crops were statistically significant. The analysis of crop heavy metal contents showed a higher absorption and/or accumulation of heavy metals in leaf crops than in inflorescence crops. Differences in crop characteristics seem to be responsible for the differential accumulation of heavy metals. Furthermore, agronomic practices and other sources of heavy metals (e.g. atmospheric deposition for Cd and Pb) may also have some influence on crop accumulation. Given the relevance of horticultural crops in the Mediterranean diet, it is highly necessary to extend the experience of this work to other areas of the European Mediterranean region.
对来自西班牙卡斯特利翁30个农田的两类园艺作物（叶菜类和花序类作物）可食用部分的重金属含量（镉、钴、铬、铜、铁、锰、镍、铅和锌）进行了分析，卡斯特利翁是欧洲地中海地区的一个代表性区域。分析了与控制重金属迁移性和生物有效性相关的选定土壤特性，以对这些农业土壤进行总体特征描述。大多数土壤中粘土含量、高比例的有机质以及碳酸盐的存在似乎表明这些成分对重金属有重要的保留作用。然而，一些田地的高盐度（>4 dS/m）似乎促进了某些重金属（如铜）的迁移。土壤中重金属总含量的平均值与西班牙其他农业土壤研究中的值相似。然而，有一些田地的金属含量（特别是铜、铅或锌）高于这些研究，这反映了重要的人为来源。在七个田地中，作物中的镉和/或铅含量高于欧盟委员会法规（EC）No. 466/2001规定的园艺作物最高限量。除锌外，叶菜类作物中的重金属含量高于花序类作物。这两类作物在镉、铬、铜、铁和锰含量上的差异具有统计学意义。作物重金属含量分析表明，叶菜类作物比花序类作物对重金属的吸收和/或积累更高。作物特性的差异似乎是造成重金属差异积累的原因。此外，农艺措施和其他重金属来源（如镉和铅的大气沉降）也可能对作物积累有一定影响。鉴于园艺作物在地中海饮食中的重要性，非常有必要将这项工作的经验扩展到欧洲地中海地区的其他区域。
