Stimpson Jim P, Kuo Yong-Fang, Ray Laura A, Raji Mukaila A, Peek M Kristen
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107-2699, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 2007 Apr;17(4):313-9. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2006.10.006. Epub 2007 Feb 15.
To examine the risk and correlates of mortality after death of a spouse and whether mortality risk varies by sex.
Prospective cohort study (1993 to 2000) of 1693 Mexican Americans ages 65 years and older who were married at baseline. Mortality was confirmed by matching records with the National Death Index or through proxy report. Risk of death related to incidence of widowhood was estimated by using proportional hazard regression and adjusted for age, education, US nativity, financial strain, social support, health behaviors, medical conditions, disability, and depressive symptoms.
In the unadjusted Cox hazard analysis, widowed men are significantly more likely to die (HR=2.32, CI=1.48 to 3.61), but loss of spouse has no significant effect on the subsequent risk of death for widowed women (HR=1.50, CI=0.90 to 2.49). After adjustment for covariates known to influence survival, the association between widowhood and mortality in men remained significant, but the magnitude of the association decreased by 26%, which suggests a partial mediation effect of these factors on survival. The trajectory of the survival curve shows that the risk of death associated with widowhood is highest within the first 2 years.
Widowhood in older Mexican American men is a risk factor for mortality.
研究配偶死亡后的死亡风险及相关因素，以及死亡风险是否因性别而异。
对1693名65岁及以上的墨西哥裔美国人进行前瞻性队列研究（1993年至2000年），这些人在基线时已婚。通过将记录与国家死亡指数匹配或通过代理报告来确认死亡情况。使用比例风险回归估计与丧偶发生率相关的死亡风险，并对年龄、教育程度、美国出生情况、经济压力、社会支持、健康行为、医疗状况、残疾和抑郁症状进行调整。
在未调整的Cox风险分析中，丧偶男性死亡的可能性显著更高（HR = 2.32，CI = 1.48至3.61），但配偶死亡对丧偶女性随后的死亡风险没有显著影响（HR = 1.50，CI = 0.90至2.49）。在对已知影响生存的协变量进行调整后，丧偶与男性死亡率之间的关联仍然显著，但关联程度下降了26%，这表明这些因素对生存有部分中介作用。生存曲线的轨迹表明，与丧偶相关的死亡风险在头两年内最高。
老年墨西哥裔美国男性丧偶是死亡的一个风险因素。
