Gupta Sanjiv, Knowlton A A
Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Jun;292(6):H3052-6. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.01355.2006. Epub 2007 Feb 16.
The heat shock proteins (HSP) are a highly conserved family of proteins with critical functions in protein folding, protein trafficking, and cell signaling. These proteins also protect the cell against injury. HSP60 has been found in the extracellular space and has been identified in the plasma of some individuals. HSP60 is thought to be a "danger signal" to the immune system and is also highly immunogenic. Thus extracellular HSP60 is possibly toxic to the cell. The mechanism by which HSP60 is released into the extracellular space is unknown, as is whether it is released by cardiac myocytes. We investigated several different pathways controlling protein release including the classic, Golgi-mediated pathway. We found that HSP60 is released via exosomes, and that within the exosome, HSP60 is tightly attached to the exosome membrane.
热休克蛋白（HSP）是一类高度保守的蛋白质家族，在蛋白质折叠、蛋白质运输和细胞信号传导中发挥关键作用。这些蛋白质还能保护细胞免受损伤。已在细胞外空间发现HSP60，并且在一些个体的血浆中也已鉴定出该蛋白。HSP60被认为是免疫系统的“危险信号”，同时也具有高度免疫原性。因此，细胞外HSP60可能对细胞有毒性。HSP60释放到细胞外空间的机制尚不清楚，其是否由心肌细胞释放也不清楚。我们研究了几种控制蛋白质释放的不同途径，包括经典的、高尔基体介导的途径。我们发现HSP60通过外泌体释放，并且在外泌体内，HSP60紧密附着在外泌体膜上。
