Martin Daniel, Gutierrez Diego, Masia Belen, DiVerdi Stephen, Hertzmann Aaron
Universidad de Zaragoza, I3A, Zaragoza, Spain.
Adobe Research, California, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 2;15(1):15414. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-99675-5.
How viewers interpret different pictorial projections has been a longstanding question affecting many disciplines, including psychology, art, computer science, and vision science. The most-prominent theories assume that viewers interpret pictures according to a single linear perspective projection. Yet, no existing theory accurately describes viewers' perceptions across the wide variety of projections used throughout art history. Recently, Hertzmann hypothesized that pictorial 3D shape perception is interpreted according to a separate linear perspective for each eye fixation in a picture. We performed four experiments based on this hypothesis. The first two experiments found that viewers consider object depictions as more accurate when an object is projected according to its own local linear projection, rather than one consistent with the rest of the picture. In the third experiment, viewers exhibited change blindness to projections in peripheral vision, suggesting that perception of shape primarily occurs around fixations. The fourth experiment found surface slant compensation to be dependent on fixation. We conclude that pictorial shape perception operates according to per-fixation perspective.
观众如何解读不同的图像投影一直是一个长期存在的问题，影响着包括心理学、艺术、计算机科学和视觉科学在内的许多学科。最著名的理论认为，观众根据单一的线性透视投影来解读图片。然而，现有的理论都无法准确描述观众在艺术史上使用的各种各样投影中的感知。最近，赫兹曼假设，图像三维形状感知是根据图片中每次眼睛注视的单独线性透视来解读的。我们基于这一假设进行了四项实验。前两项实验发现，当一个物体根据其自身的局部线性投影进行投影时，观众会认为物体的描绘更准确，而不是与图片其余部分一致的投影。在第三个实验中，观众对外围视觉中的投影表现出变化盲视，这表明形状感知主要发生在注视点周围。第四个实验发现表面倾斜补偿取决于注视。我们得出结论，图像形状感知是根据每次注视的透视来运作的。
