Uranova Natalya A, Vostrikov Victor M, Vikhreva Olga V, Zimina Ivetta S, Kolomeets Natalya S, Orlovskaya Diana D
Laboratory of Clinical Neuropathology, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007 Aug;10(4):537-45. doi: 10.1017/S1461145707007626. Epub 2007 Feb 21.
Neuroimaging and microarray studies provide evidence for myelin and oligodendrocyte abnormalities in schizophrenia (SZ). Electron microscopy demonstrated dystrophy, necrosis and apoptosis of oligodendrocytes, the most severely affected cells in SZ. The proportion of myelinated fibres with atrophy of axon and swelling of periaxonal oligodendrocyte processes increased significantly in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), caudate nucleus and hippocampus in SZ compared to controls. Morphometry showed a deficit of oligodendrocytes in the PFC and in adjacent white matter, lower number of oligodendroglial satellites of pyramidal neurons and a loss of pericapillar oligodendrocytes in the PFC in SZ compared to normal controls. A lowered number of oligodendrocytes in the PFC was also found in mood disorders. These data provide evidence for altered oligodendrocyte-axon, oligodendrocyte-neuron and oligodendrocyte-capillar interactions in SZ brains suggesting a key role of damage and loss of oligodendrocytes in altered neuronal connectivity and in atrophy of neurons in SZ.
神经影像学和微阵列研究为精神分裂症（SZ）中髓鞘和少突胶质细胞异常提供了证据。电子显微镜显示少突胶质细胞出现营养不良、坏死和凋亡，这些细胞是SZ中受影响最严重的细胞。与对照组相比，SZ患者前额叶皮质（PFC）、尾状核和海马中轴突萎缩且轴周少突胶质细胞突起肿胀的有髓纤维比例显著增加。形态学测量显示，与正常对照组相比，SZ患者PFC及其相邻白质中的少突胶质细胞数量减少，锥体神经元的少突胶质卫星数量减少，PFC中毛细血管周围的少突胶质细胞缺失。在情绪障碍中也发现PFC中的少突胶质细胞数量减少。这些数据为SZ大脑中少突胶质细胞 - 轴突、少突胶质细胞 - 神经元和少突胶质细胞 - 毛细血管相互作用的改变提供了证据，表明少突胶质细胞的损伤和丢失在SZ神经元连接改变和神经元萎缩中起关键作用。
