Shimazu Taichi, Kuriyama Shinichi, Hozawa Atsushi, Ohmori Kaori, Sato Yuki, Nakaya Naoki, Nishino Yoshikazu, Tsubono Yoshitaka, Tsuji Ichiro
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
Int J Epidemiol. 2007 Jun;36(3):600-9. doi: 10.1093/ije/dym005. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
Although ecological observations suggest that the Japanese diet may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the impact of a Japanese dietary pattern upon mortality due to CVD is unclear.
We prospectively assessed the association between dietary patterns among the Japanese and CVD mortality. Dietary information was collected from 40 547 Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years without a history of diabetes, stroke, myocardial infarction or cancer at the baseline in 1994.
During 7 years of follow-up, 801 participants died of CVD. Factor analysis (principal component) based on a validated food frequency questionnaire identified three dietary patterns: (i) a Japanese dietary pattern highly correlated with soybean products, fish, seaweeds, vegetables, fruits and green tea, (ii) an 'animal food' dietary pattern and (iii) a high-dairy, high-fruit-and-vegetable, low-alcohol (DFA) dietary pattern. The Japanese dietary pattern was related to high sodium intake and high prevalence of hypertension. After adjustment for potential confounders, the Japanese dietary pattern score was associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality (hazard ratio of the highest quartile vs the lowest, 0.73; 95% confidence interval: 0.59-0.90; P for trend = 0.003). The 'animal food' dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of CVD, but the DFA dietary pattern was not.
The Japanese dietary pattern was associated with a decreased risk of CVD mortality, despite its relation to sodium intake and hypertension.
尽管生态学观察表明日本饮食可能降低心血管疾病（CVD）风险，但日本饮食模式对CVD死亡率的影响尚不清楚。
我们前瞻性评估了日本人群饮食模式与CVD死亡率之间的关联。1994年对40547名年龄在40 - 79岁、无糖尿病、中风、心肌梗死或癌症病史的日本男性和女性收集了饮食信息。
在7年随访期间，801名参与者死于CVD。基于经过验证的食物频率问卷进行的因子分析（主成分分析）确定了三种饮食模式：（i）与大豆制品、鱼类、海藻、蔬菜、水果和绿茶高度相关的日本饮食模式，（ii）“动物性食物”饮食模式，以及（iii）高乳制品、高果蔬、低酒精（DFA）饮食模式。日本饮食模式与高钠摄入和高血压高患病率相关。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，日本饮食模式得分与较低的CVD死亡风险相关（最高四分位数与最低四分位数的风险比为0.73；95%置信区间：0.59 - 0.90；趋势P值 = 0.003）。“动物性食物”饮食模式与CVD风险增加相关，但DFA饮食模式并非如此。
尽管日本饮食模式与钠摄入及高血压有关，但其与较低的CVD死亡风险相关。
