Kavanagh Lydia J, Keller Jurg
Advanced Wastewater Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia.
Water Res. 2007 Apr;41(8):1823-31. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2007.01.016. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
A pilot-scale engineered ecosystem (PSEE) operated for over 2 years in sub-tropical conditions, produced an effluent with COD (median 38 mg/L) and TSS (median 3mg/L) levels comparable to that required by the AS/NZS 1547:2000 Onsite Domestic Wastewater Management standard. Only partial nitrification was achieved as dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia occurred; however the level of NH(4)-N was reduced by 75% and total inorganic nitrogen by 53%. Phosphorus was not removed by the system due to the lack of regular sludge removal. Mass balances around the system showed that bacteria removed 36% of the influent nitrogen and 76% of the influent COD. Algae and plants were shown to remove 5% of the influent nitrogen, and 6% of the influent phosphorus. Challenges in developing a sustainable on-site wastewater treatment system were largely met by minimising chemical, energy and labour inputs, eliminating the need for frequent sludge handling, and creating an effluent quality suitable for re-use in non-potable applications. However, the sludge removal from the system needs to be adequately managed to avoid excessive accumulation as this can cause a range of negative impacts.
一个中试规模的工程生态系统（PSEE）在亚热带条件下运行了两年多，产生的废水化学需氧量（中位数为38毫克/升）和总悬浮固体（中位数为3毫克/升）水平与澳大利亚/新西兰标准AS/NZS 1547:2000《家庭生活污水处理标准》要求的相当。由于发生了异化硝酸盐还原为氨的过程，仅实现了部分硝化；然而，铵态氮水平降低了75%，总无机氮降低了53%。由于缺乏定期排泥，该系统未实现磷的去除。系统的质量平衡表明，细菌去除了36%的进水氮和76%的进水化学需氧量。藻类和植物去除了5%的进水氮和6%的进水磷。通过尽量减少化学、能源和劳动力投入，消除频繁污泥处理的需求，并产生适合非饮用水回用的出水水质，在很大程度上满足了开发可持续现场污水处理系统的挑战。然而，需要对系统的污泥去除进行适当管理，以避免过度积累，因为这可能会造成一系列负面影响。
