Jacobs Reinhilde, Lambrichts Ivo, Liang Xin, Martens Wendy, Mraiwa Nuri, Adriaensens Peter, Gelan Jan
Oral Imaging Center, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007 May;103(5):683-93. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2006.11.014. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
The anterior jaw bones are often considered relatively safe surgical sites. Nonetheless, the increasing rate of surgical interventions in that area, such as oral implant placement and bone grafting, has highlighted the potential risks and has raised the reported complications. A careful documentation of all anatomic variations in anterior jaw bone neurovascularization has thus become necessary. The present report attempts to revisit jaw bone neurovascularization, addressing typical anatomic appearances and variations. We summarize the results of various microanatomical studies carried out by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) of the human anterior jaw bones. These studies reveal that edentulous and dentate anterior jaws present significant variation in the occurrence of the mandibular incisive canal and genial spinal foramina, as well as the maxillary nasopalatine canal. All of these canal structures contain a neurovascular bundle, whose diameter may be large enough to cause clinically significant trauma. A careful presurgical radiographic analysis of the anterior jaw bones is therefore advised.
前颌骨通常被认为是相对安全的手术部位。尽管如此，该区域手术干预的发生率不断增加，如口腔种植体植入和骨移植，凸显了潜在风险并增加了并发症的报告。因此，仔细记录前颌骨神经血管化的所有解剖变异变得必要。本报告试图重新审视颌骨神经血管化，阐述典型的解剖外观和变异。我们总结了通过对人类前颌骨进行高分辨率磁共振成像（HR-MRI）开展的各种微观解剖学研究结果。这些研究表明，无牙和有牙的前颌骨在颏孔和颏棘孔以及上颌腭大管的出现方面存在显著差异。所有这些管结构都包含一个神经血管束，其直径可能大到足以造成具有临床意义的创伤。因此，建议术前对前颌骨进行仔细的影像学分析。
