Yadav Utkarsh, Shenoy Nandita, Ahmed Junaid, Sujir Nanditha, M Archana, Gupta Aarti
Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Affiliated to Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
J Periodontal Implant Sci. 2025 Feb;55(1):62-71. doi: 10.5051/jpis.2401300065. Epub 2024 Jul 12.
The nasopalatine canal (NPC) is one of the most significant anatomical markers in the anterior maxillary region. Its location is quite important, especially for implant placement. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the morphology, size, and anatomic variations of the NPC.
A total of 150 individual CBCT images were assessed in various sections to evaluate the dimensions, morphology, and extent of the NPC. Reformatted sagittal images were chosen to classify the shape and course of the canal. The Student's -test, the χ² test, and Pearson correlation coefficients were used.
The NPC was longer in males than in females, and the mediolateral diameter of the canal was greater in older adults. In sagittal sections, the canal predominantly exhibits a cylindrical shape, while a spindle shape is the least common. In coronal sections, a single shape is most frequently observed, with a Y-shape being the least common. Regarding the orientation of the canal, slanted canals are more prevalent, whereas vertically curved canals are rare. Typically, 2 canal openings are observed, with 4 openings being the least common.
The current study highlights the challenges associated with identifying the anatomical appearance and variations of the NPC. Consequently, possessing a thorough understanding of this anatomy is essential before undertaking any surgical procedures, such as implant placement. This knowledge helps prevent complications such as nerve injury-related loss of sensation, bleeding due to blood vessel injury, and the development of a nasopalatine duct cyst following trauma to the canal during surgery.
鼻腭管（NPC）是上颌前部区域最重要的解剖标志之一。其位置相当重要，尤其是在种植体植入方面。因此，本研究的目的是使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）来评估鼻腭管的形态、大小和解剖变异。
共评估了150例个体的CBCT图像的不同层面，以评估鼻腭管的尺寸、形态和范围。选择重组矢状位图像来分类鼻腭管的形状和走行。采用t检验、χ²检验和Pearson相关系数。
男性的鼻腭管比女性的长，老年人鼻腭管的内外径更大。在矢状面，鼻腭管主要呈圆柱形，而纺锤形最不常见。在冠状面，最常观察到单一形状，Y形最不常见。关于鼻腭管的方向，倾斜的鼻腭管更常见，而垂直弯曲的鼻腭管很少见。通常观察到2个管开口，4个开口最不常见。
本研究强调了识别鼻腭管解剖外观和变异所面临的挑战。因此，在进行任何外科手术，如种植体植入之前，全面了解这种解剖结构至关重要。这些知识有助于预防并发症，如与神经损伤相关的感觉丧失、血管损伤导致的出血以及手术中鼻腭管创伤后鼻腭管囊肿的形成。
