Testad I, Aasland A M, Aarsland D
Stavanger University Hospital, Psychiatric Clinic, Stavanger, Norway.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007 Sep;22(9):916-21. doi: 10.1002/gps.1766.
Although Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) increase with increasing dementia severity, and institutionalization of an individual with dementia is often caused by behavioral symptoms, relatively few studies have explored the prevalence of BPSD in nursing homes.
To study the prevalence and correlates of agitation in residents with dementia, in Norwegian nursing homes.
This study has taken place in dementia wards in four Norwegian nursing homes. To measure agitation in residents with dementia we used the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), consisting of 29 agitation items. Dementia stage was measured by Functional Assessment Staging (FAST).
Two hundred and eleven patients (71% female) were included in the study: mean (SD) age 85.5 (8.4), FAST 4.7 (2.1), CMAI total sumscore 39.5 (12.6). Dementia was present in 167 (79%) subjects. Among those with dementia, weekly occurrence of at least one CMAI item (i.e. a score of 3 or higher) occurred in 75.4% (95% CI 68.4-81.4). Six of the items occurred at least weekly in 20% of the residents with dementia, and 11 of the items, including physical aggression, occurred in less than 5% of the residents. Agitation was associated with more severe dementia (p = 0.001), but not with age and gender.
Symptoms of agitation were common, but may nevertheless be lower compared to findings in other geographical areas. Further studies are warranted to test this hypothesis, and if confirmed, to explore possible causes for such differences.
尽管痴呆的行为和心理症状（BPSD）会随着痴呆严重程度的增加而加重，并且痴呆患者的机构化安置通常是由行为症状引起的，但相对较少的研究探讨了养老院中BPSD的患病率。
研究挪威养老院中痴呆患者激越的患病率及其相关因素。
本研究在挪威四家养老院的痴呆病房进行。我们使用由29个激越项目组成的科恩-曼斯菲尔德激越量表（CMAI）来测量痴呆患者的激越程度。痴呆阶段通过功能评估分期（FAST）来衡量。
211名患者（71%为女性）纳入研究：平均（标准差）年龄85.5（8.4）岁，FAST评分为4.7（2.1），CMAI总分39.5（12.6）。167名（79%）受试者存在痴呆。在痴呆患者中，每周至少出现一项CMAI项目（即得分3分或更高）的情况发生在75.4%（95%可信区间68.4 - 81.4）的患者中。其中6项至少每周在20%的痴呆患者中出现，11项（包括身体攻击行为）在不到5%的患者中出现。激越与更严重的痴呆相关（p = 0.001），但与年龄和性别无关。
激越症状很常见，但与其他地理区域的研究结果相比可能较低。有必要进行进一步研究来验证这一假设，如果得到证实，则探索这种差异的可能原因。
